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CompTIA Book > Ch. 5 Visible Networks > Flashcards

Ch. 5 Visible Networks Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two most popular Web server programs?

A
  • Apache HTTP Server

* Internet Information Server (IIS)

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2
Q

Client

A

The computer asking for a resource on a network; typically the user’s computer

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3
Q

Server

A

The computer that provides a resource on a network; this is typically an application or information

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4
Q

Resource

A

A file or application shared on a network by a server

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5
Q

What 3 things must a network have for the sharing and access of resources?

A
  1. Something that defines and standardizes the design and operation of cabling, network cards, and the interconnection of multiple computers
  2. An addressing method that enables clients to find servers and enables servers to send data to clients, no matter the size of the network
  3. Some method of sharing resources and accessing those shared resources
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6
Q

What are the 4 most popular network topologies?

A
  • Bus
  • Ring
  • Star
  • Mesh
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7
Q

Bus network topology

A

All computers connect to the network via a main line called a bus cable

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8
Q

Ring network topology

A

All computers on the network attach to a central ring of cable

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9
Q

Star network topology

A

Computers on the network connect to a central wiring point, called a switch

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10
Q

Mesh network topology

A

Every computer has a dedicated line to every other computer on the network

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11
Q

Logical Topology

A

The network plan laid out on paper

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12
Q

Physical Topology

A

The actual layout of one’s network

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13
Q

Network Topology

A

A practical application of a topology and other critical standards to provide a method to get data from one computer to another on a network

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14
Q

MAC Address

A

Media Access Control Address; a 48-bit unique identifier assigned to every network card/controller.
For simplicity, MAC addresses are displayed in hexadecimal (0-9 and A-F)

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15
Q

Hexadecimal

A

A type of shorthand for binary. It uses the digits 0-9 and letters A-F.

0 = 0000
1 = 0001
2 = 0010
3 = 0011
4 = 0100
5 = 0101
6 = 0110
7 = 0111
8 = 1000
9 = 1001
A = 1010
B = 1011
C = 1100
D = 1101
E = 1110
F = 1111
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16
Q

What 4 things do all network frames contain?

A
  1. The MAC address of the receiving NIC
  2. The MAC address of the sending NIC
  3. The data being sent
  4. A type of error correction code
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17
Q

Name the three Ethernet speeds

A
  • 10BaseT - 10 Mbps
  • 100BaseT - 100 Mbps
  • 1000BaseT - 1000 Mbps/ 1 Gbps (Gigabit Ethernet)
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18
Q

Segment

A

The connection between a computer and a switch

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19
Q

What are the differences between a switch and a hub?

A
  1. A switch pushes packets only to the intended computer whereas a hub pushes them to all connected computers
  2. A switch allows each computer to take advantage of full bandwidth whereas a hub forces all machines to share the available bandwidth
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20
Q

UTP Cabling

A

Unshielded Twisted Pair; The specifies cabling for 10/100/1000 BaseT. UTP cabling uses AWG 22-26 guage wiring. Each wire is individually insulated and encased as a group into a common jacket.

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21
Q

What are the UTP cable categories?

A
  • CAT 1
  • CAT 3
  • CAT 5
  • CAT 5e
  • CAT 6
  • CAT 6a
22
Q

CAT 1 cable

A

Standard telephone line

23
Q

CAT 3 cable

A

Designed for 10-Mbps networks; a variant uses all four pairs of wires supported 100-Mbps speeds

24
Q

CAT 5 cable

A

Designed for 100-Mbps networks

25
Q

CAT 5e cable

A

Enhanced to handle 1000-Mbps networks

26
Q

CAT 6 cable

A

Supports 1000-Mbps networks at 100-meter segments; 10-Gbos networks up to 55-meter segments

27
Q

CAT 6a cable

A

Supports 10-Gbps networks at 100 meter segments

28
Q

STP Cabling

A

Shielded Twisted Pair; The same as UTP but with shielding to protect against EMI.

29
Q

What is the Plenum space?

A

The space in the ceiling, under the floors, and in the walls through which cable is run

30
Q

When and why should one choose Plenum grade cabling vs. PVC?

A

Plenum cabling should be used when cable is run through plenum spaces. Plenum is preferred over PVC and plastic jackets because the latter two produce noxious fumes when they get hot.

31
Q

Node

A

Any device that as a network connection

32
Q

What is a network protocol?

A

A piece of software that takes incoming data received by the NIC, keeps it organized, hands it to the application that needs it, and then takes outgoing data from the application and hands it to the NIC to be sent out over the network

33
Q

NetBIOS

A

Networked Basic Input/Output System

34
Q

What is a network broadcast?

A

Data sent over the network to address FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF; in other words, the data is sent to every node on the network

35
Q

LAN

A

Local Area Network; A LAN is a locally connected group of computers no more than a few hundred meters apart. They are typically housed in the same building. A LAN is typically also a broadcast domain, meaning every node can potentially hear what is broadcast by any other node on the network.

36
Q

WAN

A

Wide Area Network; A widespread group of computers connected using long-distance technologies. A WAN typically consists of several LANs connected over a long distance. The distance can be as small as several buildings in a complex or as large as in different countries.

37
Q

TCP/IP

A

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol; The network protocol on which the internet, and most networking, is based. TCP takes care of data transfer between computers and IP takes care of addresses.

38
Q

IP address

A

A unique identification number assigned tp every node on the network. It consists of four octets ranging from 0 to 255 in dotted-decimal notation.
A typical IP is 192.168.1.100

39
Q

Two parts of the IP address

A
  • Network ID - the portion of the IP address that identifies the network and is the same for all nodes on the network.
  • Host ID - the portion of the address assigned to identify the node
40
Q

How do you tell which portion of the IP address is the Network ID?

A

The Subnet Mask will have a 255 in the octet for that portion of the IP address. (e.g., for IP address 192.168.10.15 with a subnet mask of 255.255.248.0, 192.168 is the network ID.)

41
Q

Dotted Decimal Notation

A

The format in which IP addresses are written with 4 octets divided by decimal points. xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

42
Q

Subnet Mask

A

A series of 4 octets expressed in dotted decimal format used to indicate the network ID and host ID portion of an IP address. For example: 255.255.255.0. A zero in the subnet mask indicates the part of the IP address known as the host ID.

A subnet mask can be noted in shorthand at the end of an IP address range as follows: 192.168.14.1-14 /24

  1. 0.0.0 = /8
  2. 255.0.0 = /16
  3. 255.255.0 = /24
43
Q

Router

A

A device that has at least two IP addresses: one to connect to your LAN’s switch, and on to connect to the internet/other network

44
Q

Default gateway

A

The IP address of your router on your LAN used to send data to locations outside of your network

45
Q

DNS

A

Domain Name Service/System; DNS fascilitates the use of user friendly website names rather than IP addresses. (e.g., www.google.com instead of 64.233.176.106)

46
Q

Top-level Domain

A

.com, .net, .gov, .edu, etc.

47
Q

ICANN

A

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

48
Q

DHCP

A

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol; A service to automatically assign IP addresses to nodes on that connect to your network

49
Q

3 categories of networks:

A
  • Workgroups
  • Domains
  • Homegroups
50
Q

What is the default network assigned to Windows machines?

A

A workgroup called Workgroup

51
Q

What are the three folder permissions levels for workgroups?

A
  • Read - The user can see what is in the folder but not save anything to it
  • Read/Write - The user can see what is in the folder and save new items to the folder
  • Owner - The user can see what is in the folder, save new items to the folder, and change permissions to the folder

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