Ch 5: The Church in the Renaissance and the Age of Exploration Flashcards
Renaissance
“rebirth”; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome
Humanism
A Renaissance intellectual movement that emphasized the rediscovery of the literature, art and civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome
New World
the name given by Europeans to the Americas, which were unknown to most Europeans before the voyages of Christopher Columbus
Colonization
the process by which a nation establishes a prominent presence by exerting an element of power or control in an area beyond their original borders
Indulgences
a remission before God of the temporal punishment due to sins whose guilt has already been forgiven
conquistadors
Spanish for “conquerors,” the name for the Spanish soldiers and explorers who brought much of the Americas under Spanish rule in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.
accommodation
the method by which religious missionaries, such as the Jesuits, adjust their evangelization method to match the cultural and linguistic elements of the group whom they are evangelizing
Christian Humanism
a movement that developed in northern Europe during the Renaissance combining classical learning with the goal of reforming the Catholic Church
Age of Exploration
Time period during the 15th and 16th centuries when Europeans searched for new sources of wealth and for easier trade routes to China and India. Resulted in the discovery of North and South America by the Europeans.
Famous Christian humanists
Erasmus (scholar), Michelangelo, Raphael and Leonardo da Vinci (artists)
Desiderius Erasmus (1466-1536)
- Christian humanist
- Wrote In Praise of Folly (1511)
- encouraged political and Church leaders to remain focused on Christ and the Gospel rather than on societal idols.
- urged Catholics to remain devoted to the saints and invoke their intercession
St. Thomas More
chancellor of England under Henry VIII; refused to recognize Henry as the head of the Church in England; martyred
Giotto di Bondone (c. 1266-1337)
One of the earliest Renaissance artists; often called the “father of European painting”
Bramante (ca. 1444-1514)
developed the style known as “High Renaissance architecture”; chief architect of St. Peter’s Basilica
Michelangelo (1475-1564)
An Italian sculptor, painter, poet, engineer, and architect. Famous works include the mural on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, and the sculpture of the biblical character David. Known as “Il divino” by his contemporaries
