Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Ch. 5 Test > Flashcards

Ch. 5 Test Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Mutagen

A

Environmental factor that influences DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Genetic disorder

A

A disorder caused by a defect in genes or chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do genetic disorders occur?

A

By being passed down through genetics; environmental factors can affect it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Amniocentesis

A

A genetic test; Fluid is removed for testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Recessive disorder when red blood cells are in sickle or crescent shape; blocks blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Recessive disorder caused by a mutated gene that causes the body to make thick mucus
- Can affect lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Color blindness

A

Makes some colors look like other colors to the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Down syndrome

A

A chromosomal disorder that occurs when chromosomes are missing or added

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Leukemias affect…

A

blood forming organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lymphomas affect…

A

The immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are multifactorial diseases?

A

They result when several factors work together to cause the disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Sarcomas affect…

A

connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cardiovascular disease affects…

A

the heart and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Carcinomas affect…

A

lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Results from problems in the production of insulin which regulates the amount of blood sugar.

A

Diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A mass of cells that form from an uncontrolled cell division

A

Tumors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Abnormal antibodies attack insulin-producing cells

A

Type 1 diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Type 2 diabetes

A

Can produce insulin, but the body can’t use it properly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Non cancerous tumors that grow slowly surrounded by membranes that prevent spreading

A

Benign tumors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cancerous cells that can be carried to other tissues

A

Malignant tumors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Obesity

A
  • Condition of being overweight
  • 20% more body fat than the ideal person
  • Genetic factors can contribute to a body’s ability to produce fat
  • Contributed mainly by lifestyle choices
22
Q

Relationship between cancer and cell division

A

A tumor can form from uncontrolled cell division, and tumors can cause cancer.

23
Q

Causes of cancer

A
  • Genetics
  • Tobacco use
  • Diet and activity
  • Viral infection
  • Sun and UV exposure
  • Radiation exposure
24
Q

The difference between benign and malignant tumors?

A
  • Benign tumors: noncancerous

- Malignant tumors: cancerous cells

25
Q

Cancer treatments

A
  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation therapy
  • Immunotherapy
  • Hormone therapy
26
Q

Describe the value of a screening test

A

Checks blood analysis, blood pressure, colonoscopy, and bone density

27
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

When “bad” forms of cholesterol clogs blood vessels

28
Q

Metastasis

A

The spread of cancerous cells from their origin to other parts of the body.

29
Q

Biopsy

A

Taking a small sample of cells for testing

30
Q

Oncogenes

A

Genes that can cause cancer

31
Q

Is sickle cell acquired or inherited?

A

Inherited

32
Q

people get skin cancer from…

A

UV radiation

33
Q

Melanoma

A
  • Affects skin and eyes

- Very serious and can be life-threatening if it metastasizes.

34
Q

Huntington’s disease is:

A

autosomal-dominant

35
Q

If two parents are carriers for PKU, what are the chances their child will get it?

A

25 %

36
Q

people get skin cancer from…

A

UV radiation

37
Q

Carcinogens

A

Chemicals in tobacco that can cause cancer

38
Q

Basal cell cancer

A

The most common type of skin cancer and can usually be treated by surgically removing the cancerous cells.

39
Q

PKU is

A

autosomal-reccesive

40
Q

People should avoid foods high in protein if they have:

A

PKU

41
Q

If two parents are carriers for PKU, what are the chances their child will get it?

A

25 %

42
Q

Mammogram

A

A special x-ray for soft tissue

43
Q

CAT scan

A
  • Computerized Axial Tomography scan

- It’s a specialized x-ray technique.

44
Q

MRI

A
  • Magnetic resonance imaging

- Uses magnets, radio waves, and a computer to create images of internal tissues and organs

45
Q

Is lung/mouth cancer generally acquired or recessive?

A

Acquired

46
Q

PET scan

A
  • Positron emission tomography scan

- Produces a three-dimensional color image of a body part

47
Q

Genetic counseling

A

Couples who are concerned about having a baby with a genetic disorder might work with one

48
Q

Name an environmental contaminant and its sources and health effects

A

Air pollutant - burning gasoline and other fossil fuels; industrial wastes
- Can cause asthma, cancer, other respiratory diseases

49
Q

Chorionic Villus Sampling

A

a small piece of the placenta is removed for testing

50
Q

what are the 2 types of genetic testing

A

Amniocentesis

Chorionic Villus Sampling

Science (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions