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Linguistics > Ch 5 Syntax Vocab Module 5 > Flashcards

Ch 5 Syntax Vocab Module 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Linguistic expressions

A

a piece of language with a form, a meaning and syntactic properties

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2
Q

grammatical

A

A term used to describe a sentence that is in accordance with the descriptive grammatical rules of some language

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3
Q

ungrammatical

A

Not in accordance with the descriptive grammatical rules of some language.

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4
Q

subject

A

An expression, typically a noun phrase, that occurs to the left of the verb phrase

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5
Q

object

A

A noun phrase that usually occurs immediately to the right of the verb in English

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6
Q

principle of compositionality

A

The notion that the meaning of a phrasal expression is predictable from all meanings of the expression it contains and how they were syntactically combined

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7
Q

lexical expressions

A

A linguistic expression that has to be listed in the mental lexicon.

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8
Q

phrasal expressions

A

A linguistic expression that results from the syntactic combination of smaller expressions.

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9
Q

syntactic properties

A

Properties of linguistic expressions out of smaller expressions.

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10
Q

word order

A

The linear order in which words can occur in some phrasal expression

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11
Q

co-occurence

A

The set of syntactic properties that determines which expressions may or have to co occur with some other expressions in a sentence.

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12
Q

topicalization

A

A syntactic process by which a syntactic constituent occurs the beginning of a sentence in order to high light the topic under discussion

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13
Q

Argument

A

A linguistic expression that must occur in a sentence if some other expression occurs on that sentence as well.

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14
Q

complement

A

a non subject argument of some expression

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15
Q

adjunct

A

a linguistic expression whose occurrence in a sentence is optional

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16
Q

modifiers

A

see adjunct

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17
Q

agreement

A

The phenomenon by which certian expressions in a sentence must be inflectionally marked for the same person

18
Q

syntactic constituent

A

A group of linguistic expressions that function as a syntactic unit within some larger expression

19
Q

cleft

A

A type of of sentence that has the general form, “it was/is X that Y”

20
Q

Coordinating conjunction

A

a

21
Q

conjuncts

A

An argument of a coordinating conjunction

22
Q

syntactic category

A

A group of expression that have very similar syntactic properties

23
Q

syntactic distribution

A

Refers to the set of syntactic environments in which an expression can occur.

24
Q

sentence

A

A syntactic category that consists of all phrasal expressions that can grammatically occur in Sally thinks that _____.

25
Q

noun phrase

A

The name of a syntactic category that consists of proper names

26
Q

noun

A

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category. Morphologically, consists of words to which the plural suffix s or the suffix like can be added

27
Q

determiner

A

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expression such as the, a, this, all, etc.

28
Q

adjectives

A

The name of a lexical category or syntactic category that consists of words to which the comparative suffix er, or the suffix ness can be added.

29
Q

intransitive verb

A

The name for a set of lexical expressions whose syntactic category is verb phrase

30
Q

transitive verb

A

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with an expression of a category noun phrase to their right result in a verb phrase

31
Q

ditransitive verb

A

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with two expressions of category noun phrase to their right result in a verb phrase

32
Q

sentential complement verb

A

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with a sentence to their right results in a verb phrase

33
Q

adverb

A

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as quickly, well, furiously, etc.

34
Q

Verb phrase adjuncts

A

A kind of adjunct that combines with an expression of syntactic category verb phrase with the resulting expression also being of category verb phrase.

35
Q

Noun adjuncts

A

A kind of adjunct that combines with an expression of syntactic category noun with the resulting expression also being of category noun

36
Q

prepositional phrase

A

The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that contain a preposition and a noun phrase

37
Q

preposition

A

The name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as of, in ,for, with, etc.

38
Q

lexicon

A

A mental repository of linguistic information about words and other lexical expressions, including their form, meaning, morphological, and syntactic properties

39
Q

lexical entry

A

A representation of a lexical expression and its linguistic properties within a descriptive grammar of some language.

40
Q

ambiguity

A

The phenomenon by which a single linguistic form can be the form of more than one distinct linguistic expressions.

Linguistics (7 decks)

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