CH. 5 Respiratory System and Introduction to Diagnostic Procedures and Tests Flashcards
adenoid/o
adenoids
alveol/o
alveolus (s)
alveoli (pl.)
atel/o
imperfect/incomplete
bronch/o
bronchus
bronchi/o
bronchus (s.)
bronchi (pl.)
capn/o
carbon dioxide
coni/o
dust
diaphragmat/o
diaphragm
epiglott/o
epiglottis
hem/o
blood
laryng/o
larynx
lob/o
lobe
mediastin/o
mediastinum
muc/o
mucus
nas/o
nose
orth/o
straight
ox/i
oxygen
pharyng/o
pharynx
phon/o
sound/voice
pleur/o
Pleura
pneum/o
Lung/air
pneumon/o
L ung/air
pulmon/o
Lung
py/o
Pus
rhin/o
Nose
sept/o
Septum
sinus/o
Sinuses
somn/o
Sleep
spir/o
Breathe/breathing
thorac/o
Thorax, chest, chest cavity
tonsill/o
Tonsil (s)
trache/o
Trachea
a-
Absence of /without
an-
Absence of /without
endo-
Within
eu-
Normal/good
poly-
Many, much
tachy-
Fast
-ar
Pertaining to
-ary
pertaining to
-cele
hernia/protrusion
-centesis
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid
-desis
surgical fixation
-eal
Pertaining to
-ectasis
Dilation/expansion
-ectomy
excision or surgical removal
-emia
in the blood
-meter
instrument used to measure
-metry
measurement
-pnea
breathing
-ptysis
spitting or coughing
-rrhagia
excessive bleeding
-scope
instrument used for visual examination
-scopic
Pertaining to visual examination
-scopy
Visual examination
-spasm
Sudden, involuntary muscle contraction
-stenosis
constriction or narrowing
-stomy
Creation of artificial opening
-thorax
Chest, chest cavity
-tomy
Cut into, excision
adenoiditis
Inflammation of adenoids
alveolitis
Inflammation Of alveoli
atelectasis
Incomplete expansion of lung or part of it
bronchieectasis
Dilation of bronchi
bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchi
bronchogenic carcinoma
Cancerous tumor originating in a bronchus
bronchopneumonia
Diseased State of the bronchi and lungs
bronchospasm
Sudden involuntary contraction Of the bronchi
diaphragmatocele
hernia of the diaphragm
epiglottitis
Inflammation Of the epiglottis
hemothorax
Blood in the chest cavity
laryngitis
Inflammation of the larynx
laryngospasm
Sudden involuntary contraction of the larynx
laryngotracheobronchitis
Inflammation Of the larynx, trachea and bronchi
acute term - croup
lobar pneumonia
Pertaining to the lobes, diseased state Of the lung
nasopharyngitis
Inflammation of the nose and pharynx
pharyngitis
Inflammation Of the pharynx
pleuritis
Inflammation of the pleura
pneumoconiosis
Abnormal condition of dust in lungs
pneumonia
Diseased State Of lung, infection and inflammation caused by bacteria like pneumococcus, staphylococcus, streptococcus and haemophilus
pneumonitis
Inflammation of the lung
pneumothorax
Air in the chest cavity
pulmonary neoplasm
Pertaining to the in the lung, new growth
pyothorax
Pus in the chest cavity
rhinitis
Inflammation of the nose
rhinomycosis
Abnormal condition of fungus in the nose
rhinorrhagia
Excessive bleeding from the nose, also called epistaxis
sinusitis
Inflammation of the sinuses
tonsillitis
Inflammation of The tonsils
tracheitis
Inflammation Of the trachea
tracheostenosis
Narrowing of the trachea
adneoidectomy
execision of the adenoids
bronchoplasty
Surgical repair of a bronchus
laryngectomy
Excision of the larynx
laryngoplasty
Surgical repair of the larynx
laryngostomy
Creation of the artificial opening into the larynx
laryngotracheotomy
Incision into the larynx and trachea
lobectomy
Excision of a lobe
pleudodesis
Fusion Of the pleura
pneumonectomy
Excision of a lung
rhinoplasty
Surgical repair of the nose
septoplasty
Surgical repair of the nasal septum
sinustomy
Incision into a sinus
thoracentesis
Surgical puncture to with draw fluid from the chest cavity
thoracotomy
Incision into the chest cavity
tonsillectomy
Excision into The tonsils
tracheoplasty
Surgical repair of the tracea
tracheostomy
Creation of an artificial opening into the trachea.
tracheotomy
Incision into the trachea
bronchoscope
Instrument used for visual exam of bronchi
bronchoscopy
Visual examination of the bronchi
capnometer
Instrument used to measure Carbon dioxide levels
endoscope
Instrument used tor visual exam of hollow organ or body cavity
endoscopic
Pertaining to visual exam within hollow organ or body cavity
endoscopy
Visual examination of hollow organ or body cavity
laryngoscope
Instrument used for visual examination of the larynx
laryngoscopy
Visual examination of the larynx
mediastinoscopy
Visual examination of the mediastinum
oximeter
Instrument used to measure breathing
polysomnography (PSG)
Process of recording many tests during sleep
spirometer
Instrument used to measure breathing
spirometry
A measurement of breathing
thoracoscope
Instrument used for visual examination of the chest cavity
thoracoscopy
Visual examination of the chest cavity
acapnia
Condition of absence of carbon dioxide in the blood
alveolar
Pertaining to the alveolus
anoxia
Condition of absence of oxygen
aphonia
Condition of absence Of voice
apnea
Absence Of breathing
bronchoalveolar
Pertaining to bronchi and alveoli
diaphragmatic
Pertaining to the diaphragm
dysphonia
Condition of difficult speaking (voice)
dyspnea
Difficult breathing
endotracheal
Pertaining to within the trachea
eupnea
Normal breathing
hemoptysis
Coughing of blood
hypercapnia
Condition of excessive carbon dioxide
hyperpnea
Excessive breathing
hypocapnia
Condition Of deficient carbon dioxide
hypopnea
Deficient breathing
hypoxemia
Deficient oxygen in the blood
hypoxia
Condition of deficient oxygen
intrapleural
Pertaining to within the pleura
laryngeal
Pertaining to the larynx
mediastinal
Per training to the mediastinum
mucoid
Resembling mucus
mucous
Pertaining to mucus
nasopharyngeal
Pertaining to the nose and pharynx
orthopnea
Breathing in a straight upright position
pulmonary
Pertaining to the lungs
pulmonologist
Physician who studies and treats diseases Of the lung
pulmonology
Study o+ the lung
rhinorrhea
Discharge from the nose
septal
Pertaining to the septum
tachypnea
Rapid breathing
thoracic
Pertaining to the chest
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Respiratory failure as a result injury or disease
asphyxia
Deprivation ot oxygen tor tissue use
asthma
Respiratory disease characterized by coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath and inflammation of airways
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Progressive lung disease obstructing air flow, making breathing difficult.
coccidiomycosis
Fungal disease affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs of the body
coronavirus COVID-19
Respiratory infection caused by a virus with symptoms that include fever, cough, fatigue, difficulty breathing, and digestive upsets
croup
Condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx, characterized by a barking cough, hoarseness and strider. Occurs mainly in children
cystic fibrosis
Hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms
deviated septum
One part of the nasal cavity is smaller because of malformation or injury of the nasal septum
diptheria
Serious bacterial infection affecting the mucous membranes of the nose and throat. It creates a thick,gray sheet covering the pharynx, which can lead to difficulty breathing, heart failure, paralysis and even death
emphysema
Loss of elasticity of the alveoli resulting in dissension causing stretching of lung. Body does not receive enough oxygen.
epistaxis
Nosebleed
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
Chronic progressive lung disorder characterized by increasing scarring, which ultimately reduces capacity of the lungs. IPF most often occurs to adults over 50. Symptoms include dry cough and exertional dyspnea.
influenza (flu)
Highly contagious and often severe viral infection of the respiratory tract
obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
Repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, which leads to transient periods of apnea, can produce daytime drowsiness and elevated BP
pertussis
Highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract characterized by a severe hacking cough, followed by an acute crowing inspiration or whoop
pleural effusion
Fluid in the pleural cavity caused by a disease process or trauma
pulmonary edema
Fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles, most often a manifestation of heart failure
pulmonary embolism (PE)
Matter foreign to the circulation, carried to the pulmonary very and it’s branches, where it blocks circulation , carried to the pulmonary artery and it’s branches, where it blocks circulation to the lungs and can be fatal it of sufficient size and number.
tuberculosis (TB)
Infectious bacterial disease,most commonly spread by inhalation of small particles and usually affecting the lungs, may spread to other organs
upper respiratory infection (URI)
Infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx usually caused by avirus
acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear
test performed on sputum to determine the presence of acid-fast bacilli, which cause tuberculosis
arterial blood gasses (ABGs)
test performed on arterial blood to determine levels of oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and pH (acidity)
auscultation
the act of listening through a stethoscope for sounds within the body
chest computed tomography (CT) scan
computerized radiographic images of the chest performed to diagnose tumors,
chest radiograph (CXR)
radiographic image of the chest
lung ventilation/perfusion scan (VQ scan)
two nuclear scan tests, one to measure air flow throughout the lungs
peak flow meter (PFM)
portable instrument used to measure air flow early in forced exhalation
percussion
the act of tapping a body surface to determine the density
PPD skin test
test performed on individuals who may have been exposed to tuberculosis.
pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
group of tests performed to measure breathing capacity and used to determine external respiratory function;
pulse oximetry
noninvasive method of measuring oxygen in the blood by using a device that attaches to the fingertip
stethoscope
instrument used to hear internal body sounds
airway
passageway by which air enters and leaves the lungs ALSO a device that keeps passageways unobstructed.
aspirate
withdraw or suction fluid
bronchoconstrictor
agent causing narrowing of the bronchi
bronchodilator
agent causing bronchi to widen
crackles
discontinuous sounds heard primarily with a stethoscope during inspiration
effusion
escape of fluid into tissue or body cavity
hyperventilation
ventilation of the lungs beyond normal body needs
hypoventilation
ventilation of the lungs that does not fulfill the body’s gas exchange needs.
mucopurulent
containing both mucus and pus
nebulizer
device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment
nosocomial infection
an infection acquired during hospitalization
paroxysm
periodic, sudden attack
patent
allowing passage of air, as in patent trachea and bronchi
rhonchi
low-pitched, with a snoring quality,
sputum
mucus from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth
stridor
harsh, high-pitched breath sound heard on inspiration; indicates an acute laryngeal obstruction
ventilator
mechanical device used to assist with or
substitute for breathing
wheeze
whistling noise with a high pitch,
