Ch. 5: Evidence Based Practice Flashcards
what is scientific method?
a systematic way of thinking: going step by step
- used to test facts and principles
what is quantitative research?
using statistics, experimental designs with hypothesis and measuring variables
what is an example of quantitative research?
doing a research study based on 2 groups:
- Group 1 gets the patient up 24 hours after surgery
- Group 2 gets the patient up after 12 hours of surgery
to see any benefits of early mobility
what is qualitative research?
- interviewing participants
- recording everything word by word in a document to put in a software to come up with themes
- ex: interviewing women on the impact of domestic violence
what is mixed methods research?
using both methods
- collecting data from quantitative and qualitative research
what is pure science?
learning for the sake of learning
- ex: the discovery of oxygen in 1774
what is applied science?
taking something we learned and apply it to clinical practices
- ex: we take oxygen and put it under pressure and use hyperbaric oxygen therapy
what is transitional research?
bench the bedside
- ex: going into the laboratory, learn something and we apply what we learned into clinical
what are limitations of the strict definition of the scientific method in nursing?
quantitative research is less helpful in nursing because we don’t study problems in the lab
- ex: nursing is more interested in holistic because it is harder to do an experience
in nursing why is qualitative research more helpful then quantitative research?
you can get more research by interviewing patients and getting a perception about how they feel about their healthcare problems
what is the Institute of Review Board (IRB)?
to protect participants in research
- after doing a research proposal it has to go through IRB for them to review it to make it ethical to protect participants before conducting the research
what is problem solving?
identifying the problem and developing an action plan
very different than research
- ex: a patient with Alzheimer’s disease wanders around and can’t find her room. a problem-solving approach is taping a picture of her daughter on the door
what is generalizable?
will this intervention work with other patients with Alzheimer’s disease
- need to do research
what is evidence-based practice?
- using the best resource to support our intervention
- using the expertise of the nurse
- using the preference of the patient
what does PICO stand for in Tool for evaluating Interventions?
P- Population of interest
I- Intervention
C- Comparison group
O- Outcome
what is population of interest?
what population we are looking at
- ex: patients with Alzheimer’s disease
what is intervention?
using something creative
- ex: taping a picture on the door so an Alzheimer patient can find their way back to their room
what is a comparison group?
comparing with another intervention/issue
- ex: comparing escorting a patient to their room to putting a picture on the door
what is outcome?
measuring the patient agitation
- what intervention is the patient less agitated
what are the steps of the research process?
- identification of a researchable problem
- review of the literature
- formulation of the research question or hypothesis
- design of the study
what is identification of a researchable problem?
where do problems come from
- come from 3 areas: clinical, literature, theories
replicate: to repeat
- repeat research in other areas
what is review of the literature?
only looking at literature that is published 5 years or less
need to use current information
what is formulation of the research question or hypothesis?
comes from clinical, literature, and theory
what is an example of formulation of the research question or hypothesis?
Ex: Do ICU patients have vital signs in the normal range more frequently when they are being visited by family members?
- We need to conduct a research study- look at vital signs where family members are visiting and look at vital signs from family members not visiting
what is experimental design?
cause and effect
there are 2 groups: test group and a control group
what is an example of experimental design?
Is there a difference in the effectiveness of the two preoperative preparation methods on length of stay?
- test group: the preop teaching through virtual methods (interactive)
- control group: we use a traditional method where we bring them into a room and teach them
- compare them and see which outcome has on length of stay
what is nonexperimental design?
looks at RELATIONSHIPS among variables
more of a descriptive study
what is an example of nonexperimental design?
what is the RELATIONSHIP between self-concept, physical fitness, and health habits in school aged children?
what is data-collection instruments?
reliable: what is the accuracy of this tool
- by looking at the literature/articles
valid: measuring on what it’s supposed to measure
what is data collection protocol?
once you become an RN you will collect data for research studies (follow the protocol exactly the way they tell you)
what is an example of data collection protocol?
working on an oncology unit, they will tell you to collect your data 2 days after the patient’s chemotherapy EXACTLY the way they tell you. if you do it early or late you can introduce errors in the study (which won’t be valid/not getting accurate information)
what is data analysis plan?
having to come up with a plan to analyze your data by using quantitative (statistics) and qualitative (interview/record)
what is participant selection?
must be very specific in the research proposal on what participants you will and will not be including
what are examples of participant selection?
including people that go through a specific type of surgery
certain age/sex/ethnic group
geographical location
what is informed consent?
where we tell patients the details of the study
- voluntary: can’t pressure anyone to take this study
what is confidentiality?
privacy: no names can’t be revealed
- the primary person who is responsible is the person conducting the study
what are two implementations of the study?
data collection
data analysis
in data collection, who is responsible for the confidentiality of the study?
the person who is collecting the data
what is data analysis?
conducting data through statistics, interviewing, recording, and using software to develop things
what is findings?
part of the article that is presented directly to the research question
what is discussion?
find suggestions for any future research
- a great place to conduct research studies
what is clinical implications?
how we can find the findings of this particular study to the clinical setting
what is dissemination of findings?
communicate with the findings to your colleagues
- ex: podium presentations, posters, through journals
what is peer review?
when you submit an article, there is no identifying information on that article (all info has to be removed)
- will go through 3 people to provide you feedback
what is abstract?
when you need to find research
a summary of the research
what is financial support for nursing research?
places to finance/get money to conduct research
- universities
- hospitals
- through sigma
- National Institute of nursing research
what is a nursing student through the use of research?
learning about research
- doing honors projects or assisting in laboratories
what is a BSN through the use of research?
identifies problems that can be studied
- may do data collection for research studies
what is MSN through the use of research?
replicates earlier research
- beginning independent research
what is DNP through the use of research?
connect research to practice
- do research in collaboration with a PhD- prepared colleague
what is a PhD through the use of research?
generate and test theories
- establishing independent research career with external funding (foundation grants)
