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Med Terminoology > CH 5 Digestive system Pathologic Terminology > Flashcards

CH 5 Digestive system Pathologic Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

achalasia

A

Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter muscles (LES) to relax; dilation of the esophagus above the stonosis (narrowing) and loss of peristalsis occur. LES spasm

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2
Q

anal fistula

A

Abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus

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3
Q

anorexia

A

Lack of apetite

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4
Q

aphthous stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers; canker sores

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5
Q

ascites

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

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6
Q

borborygmus

A

Rumbling or gurgling noise produced by hyperactive movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract.

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7
Q

cholelithiasis

A

Abnormal condition of forming gallstones

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8
Q

cirrhosis

A

Chronic, degenerative disease of the liver

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9
Q

colonic polyps

A

a fleshy growth occurring in the lining of the colon or rectum

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10
Q

colorectal cancer

A

adenocarcinoma of the colon or the rectum or both.

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11
Q

constipation

A

Difficulty in passing (eliminating) feces (stool)

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12
Q

Crohn disease

A

Inflammatory bowel disease marked by diarrhea, pain, fever, weakness and weight loss

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13
Q

dental caries

A

tooth decay

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14
Q

diarrhea

A

Diarrhea is the frequent passage of watery, loose stools.

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15
Q

diverticula

A

Small, pouch-like herniations through the muscular wall of a tubular organ such as the colon.

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16
Q

diverticulitis

A

Inflammation of diverticula; abdominal pain and rectal bleeding are symptoms.

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17
Q

diverticulosis

A

Abnormal condition of diverticula without inflammation

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18
Q

dysentery

A

Painful intestines; marked by inflammation and infection, especially of the colon with abdominal pain and diarrhea.

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19
Q

dysphagia

A

Difficulty in swallowing.

20
Q

eructation

A

Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth.

21
Q

esophageal cancer

A

malignancy that develops in the hallow, muscular esophagus

22
Q

esophageal varices

A

Swollen, twisted veins at the lower end of the esophagus.

23
Q

etiology

A

Study of the cause of disease

24
Q

flatus

A

Gas expelled through the anus

25
Q

gastric cancer

A

malignancy of the stomach. most commonly adenocarcinomas which may be ulcerating, polypoid, diffuse, and fibrous, or superficial spreading lesions.

26
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease

A

(GERD) Backflow of solids and fluid from the stomach to the mouth against it’s normal direction of movement

27
Q

hematochezia

A

Passage of bright red blood from the rectum

28
Q

hemorrhoids

A

Swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region.

29
Q

herpetic stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpes virus. Painful, fluid filled blisters are produced b the infection and known as cold sores or fever blisters

30
Q

hiatal hernia

A

Protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach upward through the diaphragm

31
Q

icterus

A

Jaundice, yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood.

32
Q

idiopathic

A

Pertaining to unknown cause of the disease

33
Q

ileus

A

Failure of peristalsis with obstruction of the intestines

34
Q

inflammatory bowel disease

A

Severe inflammation of the small and large intestine (colon); examples are Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis

35
Q

inguinal hernia

A

A small loops of the bowel protrudes though a weakened abdominal muscle

36
Q

intusssusception

A

One portion of the intestine slips into an adjoining part; telescoping of the intestines

37
Q

irritable bowel disease

A

Group of gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and bloating) associated with stress and tension.

38
Q

jaundice

A

A symptom of illness marked by yellw-prange discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes resulting from excess bilirubin in the blood

39
Q

melena

A

Black, tarry stools; feces containing blood.

40
Q

nausea

A

Unpleasant sensation in the stomach with a tendency to vomit.

41
Q

oral leukoplakia

A

White plaques or patches on the mucous membranes of the mouth

42
Q

pancreatic cancer

A

cancer of the pancreas

43
Q

peptic ulcer

A

Open sore of lesion of the mucous membrane of the stomach and the duodenum

44
Q

periodontal disease

A

Inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone.

45
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

Inflammation of the colon and the rectum with the presence of ulcers; an inflammatory bowel disease.

46
Q

viral hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus

Med Terminoology (14 decks)

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