ch. 5 active transport across membranes

Question 1

what are the 3 passive transport processes that move materials down their concentration gradients, but cells can also actively move substances across a cell membrane up their concentration gradients?

Answer 1

1. diffusion
2. facilitated diffusion
3. osmosis

this process is called active transport.

Question 2

like facilitated diffusion, _______ ________ involves highly selective protein carriers within the membrane that bind to the transported substance, which could be an iron or aa simple molecule.

Answer 2

active transport

Question 3

these carrier proteins are called ______ if they transport a single type of molecule and _________ or ________ if they transport two different molecules together.

Answer 3

uniporters, symporters, antiporters

Question 4

symporters vs antiporters

Answer 4

symporters transport two molecules in the same direction

antiporters transport two molecyles in opposite directions

Question 5

more than one-third of all of the energy expended by an animal cell that is not actively dividing is sued in the active transport of

Answer 5

sodium (NA+) and potassium (K+) ions.

Question 6

the protein that transports these two ions across the cell membrane is known as the

Answer 6

sodium-potassium pump

Question 7

sodium-potassium pump

Answer 7

-uses the energy stored in ATP to move sodium and potassium ions.

Question 8

cells use the Na+/K+ pump to create a high concentration of _______ outside the cell, and a high concentration of ____ inside the cell.

Answer 8

Na+, K+

Question 9

in every cycle, ___ NA+ leave the cell, and ___ K+ enter.

Answer 9

three, two

Question 10

some molecules are moved against their concentration gradient by using the energy stored in a gradient of a different molecule. In this process called, ________ _______, the energy released as one molecule moves down its concentration gradient is captured and used to move a different molecule against its gradient.

Answer 10

coupled transport

Question 11

In this system, both _______ and _____ bind to the transport protein, which allows ____ to pass into the cell down its concentration gradient, capturing the energy, and using it to move glucose into the cell.

Answer 11

glucose and Na+, Na+

Question 12

transporter is a symporter. true or false?

Answer 12

true

Question 13

in a related process, called ________________, the inward movement of Na+ is coupled with the outward movement of another substance, such as Ca2+ or H+.

Answer 13

counter transport

Question 13

in a related process, called ________________, the inward movement of Na+ is coupled with the outward movement of another substance, such as Ca2+ or H+.

Answer 13

counter transport