Ch 5 Flashcards
Pattern, recurring social relationships
Social structure
The position that a person occupies within a social structure
Status
A status within a social structure that is not earned or chosen, but is assigned
Ascribed status
A status within a social structure occupied because of an individual’s efforts
Achieved status
All the statuses that an individual occupies at any particular time
Status set
Statuses that affect most other aspects of a person’s life
Master statuses
Culturally defined rights and obligations attached to social statuses indicating the behavior expected of individuals holding them
Roles
All the roles that are attached to a single status
Role sets
Roles informing individuals of the behavior that can be expected from others
Rights
Roles informing individuals of the behavior others expect from them
Obligations
The actual conduct involved in putting a role into action
Role performance
The process by which people influence one another’s behavior as they relate
Social interaction
Conflict between the performance of a role in one status with the performance of a role in another status
Role conflict
Conflicting roles within a single status
Role strain
People who live within defined territorial borders and participate in a common culture
Society
The great number of social changes accompanying economic development
Modernization
Proposes that changes associated with modernization are the results of an evolutionary process by which societies become increasingly complex
Modernization theory
development of social and cultural similarity among modernizing nations (adopting)
Convergence
The persistence of cultural differences in modernizing societies as a result of intervening idiosyncratic social and cultural forces
Divergence
A homogenized culture spread across the globe
Global culture
The process by which increasingly permeable geographic boundaries lead different societies to share in common some economic, political, and social arrangements
Globalization
A theory of modernization that sees the pattern of a nation’s development as largely dependent on that nation’s location in the world economy
World-system theory
