Ch 5

Question 1

Pattern, recurring social relationships

Answer 1

Social structure

Question 2

The position that a person occupies within a social structure

Answer 2

Status

Question 3

A status within a social structure that is not earned or chosen, but is assigned

Answer 3

Ascribed status

Question 4

A status within a social structure occupied because of an individual’s efforts

Answer 4

Achieved status

Question 5

All the statuses that an individual occupies at any particular time

Answer 5

Status set

Question 6

Statuses that affect most other aspects of a person’s life

Answer 6

Master statuses

Question 7

Culturally defined rights and obligations attached to social statuses indicating the behavior expected of individuals holding them

Answer 7

Roles

Question 8

All the roles that are attached to a single status

Answer 8

Role sets

Question 9

Roles informing individuals of the behavior that can be expected from others

Answer 9

Rights

Question 10

Roles informing individuals of the behavior others expect from them

Answer 10

Obligations

Question 11

The actual conduct involved in putting a role into action

Answer 11

Role performance

Question 12

The process by which people influence one another’s behavior as they relate

Answer 12

Social interaction

Question 13

Conflict between the performance of a role in one status with the performance of a role in another status

Answer 13

Role conflict

Question 14

Conflicting roles within a single status

Answer 14

Role strain

Question 15

People who live within defined territorial borders and participate in a common culture

Answer 15

Society

Question 16

The great number of social changes accompanying economic development

Answer 16

Modernization

Question 17

Proposes that changes associated with modernization are the results of an evolutionary process by which societies become increasingly complex

Answer 17

Modernization theory

Question 18

development of social and cultural similarity among modernizing nations (adopting)

Answer 18

Convergence

Question 19

The persistence of cultural differences in modernizing societies as a result of intervening idiosyncratic social and cultural forces

Answer 19

Divergence

Question 20

A homogenized culture spread across the globe

Answer 20

Global culture

Question 21

The process by which increasingly permeable geographic boundaries lead different societies to share in common some economic, political, and social arrangements

Answer 21

Globalization

Question 22

A theory of modernization that sees the pattern of a nation’s development as largely dependent on that nation’s location in the world economy

Answer 22

World-system theory