ch 5

Question 1

Formal (enumerated) powers

Answer 1

powers of the president expressly granted in the Constitution.

Question 2

Informal powers

Answer 2

powers not laid out in the Constitution but used to carry out presidential duties.

Question 3

Treaty

Answer 3

an agreement with a foreign government negotiated by the president and requiring a two-thirds vote in the Senate to ratify.

Question 4

State of the Union Address

Answer 4

the annual speech from the president to Congress updating that branch on the state of national affairs

Question 5

Veto

Answer 5

formal rejection by the president of a bill that has passed both houses of Congress.

Question 6

Pocket veto

Answer 6

an informal veto caused when the president chooses not to sign a bill within ten days, during a time when Congress has adjourned at the end of a session

Question 7

Presidential pardon

Answer 7

presidential authority to release individuals convicted from a crime of legal consequences and forgive an individual and set aside punishment for a crime

Question 8

Executive privilege

Answer 8

a right claimed by presidents to keep certain conversations, records, and transcripts confidential from outside scrutiny, especially that of Congress

Question 9

Executive agreement

Answer 9

an agreement between a president and another nation that does not have the same durability in the American system as a treaty but does not require Senate ratification

Question 10

Signing statement

Answer 10

written comments issued by presidents while signing a bill into law that usually consist of political statements or reasons for signing the bill but that may also include a president’s interpretation of the law itself.

Question 11

Executive order

Answer 11

policy directives issued by presidents that do not require congressional approval.

Question 12

War Powers Resolution

Answer 12

a law passed over President Nixon’s veto that restricts the power of the president to maintain troops in combat for more than sixty days without congressional authorization

Question 13

Impeachment

Answer 13

the process of removing a president from office, with articles of impeachment issued by a majority vote in the House of Representatives, followed by a trial in the Senate, with a two-thirds vote necessary to convict and remove

Question 14

Executive Office of the President

Answer 14

a collection of offices within the White House organization designed mainly to provide information to the president

Question 15

Bargaining and Persuasion

Answer 15

informal tool used by the president to persuade members of Congress to support his policy initiatives.

Question 16

Bully Pulpit

Answer 16

presidential appeals to the public to pressure other branches of government to support his policies

Question 17

Going public

Answer 17

a tactic through which presidents reach out directly to the American people with the hope that the people will, in turn, put pressure upon their representatives and senators to press for a president’s policy goals

Question 18

4 Political Ideologies

Answer 18

1. Liberal– large federal government involvement needed to provide for the people (welfare, new deal, great society)
2. Socialist– belief in an extremely powerful state to protect people.
3. Conservative– belief that limited government is necessary to grow strong economy, very pro-business anti-regulation.
4. Libertarianism – belief in very small government and extreme focus on individual and business rights, no regulation of industry

Question 19

Demographics

Answer 19

characteristics of population on income, education, race,
gender.

Question 20

The Census

Answer 20

Every 10 years a count of the total population, different ethnic
groups, religions, and how people vote.

Question 21

Redistricting

Answer 21

after every census the congressional districts are redrawn based
on population

Question 22

Reapportionment

Answer 22

state legislatures reapportion (resize) state congressional districts after every census.

Question 23

Gerrymandering

Answer 23

The practice of redistricting in order to benefit a specific party
by drawing districts based on the demo of their residents (Baker v. Carr and Shaw v. Reno where court cases in which the supreme court ruled that gerrymandering was unconstitutional.

Question 24

Party Identification

Answer 24

When people identify with a political party based on issues

Question 25

Civic Duty

Answer 25

Belief that one has the obligation to in civic and political affairs.

Question 26

Federalist No. 70 Why does Hamilton argue in favor of a strong executive?

Answer 26

Hamilton argues that an energetic single executive will protect against foreign attacks, provide for the administration of laws, and protect liberty and property.

Question 27

How long is a presidential term, can you run for more than 1 term?

Answer 27

Term is 4 years with the possibility of a reelection.

Question 28

3 Requirements for Presidential candidates:

Answer 28

Natural born citizen.
35 years old
resident of the nation for 14 years

Question 29

Office of President has set of formal and informal powers, name 6:

Answer 29

power to carry out laws, guide foreign policy and relations with foreign leaders, make policy recommendations to Congress, veto legislation, act as commander and chief of the military, and grant pardons.

Question 30

How have Presidents expanded their informal powers, give 3.

Answer 30

executive agreements, executive orders, and signing statements.

Question 31

Who limits Executive power?

Answer 31

Powers granted to Congress and the Judiciary

Question 32

Name 2 ways Congress checks executive powers.

Answer 32

budgetary powers and its power to override vetos

Question 33

How does the Senate check the president?

Answer 33

confirming nominations to the cabinet and federal judiciary with a majority vote and by ratifying treatise with a two-thirds vote

Question 34

Does Congress have the power to declare war?

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

Who has the power to impeach the president?

Answer 35

The house of representatives

Question 36

Who has the power to convict and remove an impeached president with a two-thirds vote?

Answer 36

The Senate

Question 37

How does the Supreme Court check the President?

Answer 37

By overturning executive orders.

Question 38

Who assumes the office of President if the president vacates?

Answer 38

Vice President

Question 39

What does the 25th amendment do?

Answer 39

Sets rules for presidential succession and establishes the process for replacing the a vice president who leaves office during their term.

Question 40

Does a President’s approval rating tend to improve or decline over time?

Answer 40

decline

Question 41

Which branch can respond most quickly to threats?

Answer 41

President