Ch 47 Protozoa and Rickettsia Flashcards
What are the three primary phyla of parasitic protozoa?
Sarcomastigophora, Apicomplexa, Ciliophora
These phyla contain a variety of parasitic species affecting different hosts.
What is the primary habitat of protozoa?
A wide variety of habitats
Only a small part of known protozoa are parasitic.
What type of protozoa are usually found in blood?
Hemoprotozoa
Most hemoprotozoa in the U.S. are found in red blood cells (RBCs).
What are the types of reproduction in protozoa?
Asexual reproduction: binary fission, schizogony, budding; Sexual reproduction: syngamy, conjugation
Sexual stages can be useful in identification.
What is the trophozoite stage?
The vegetative form of protozoa for feeding, movement, and reproduction
Often too fragile to survive transfer to a new host.
What are the organelles for locomotion in protozoa?
Flagella, cilia, pseudopodia, undulatory ridges
These structures assist in identifying the type of protozoa.
What is the cyst stage in protozoa?
A dormant form that prevents desiccation and occurs under certain conditions
Conditions include lack of nutrients, low oxygen, lack of water, low pH, waste accumulation, and overcrowding.
What is the primary method of diagnosing Giardia?
Standard fecal flotation using zinc sulfate
Motile trophozoites may be found in fresh feces with isotonic saline.
What is the shape of Trypanosoma cruzi?
Banana shaped
It has a lateral undulating membrane and a flagellum.
What are the two recognized forms of Leishmania disease?
Mucocutaneous form and visceral form
Mucocutaneous form characterized by skin sores; visceral form affects internal organs.
What is the reproductive impact of Tritrichomonas foetus in cattle?
Causes infertility, spontaneous abortions, and pyometra
Diagnosis involves finding motile trophozoites in washings from the reproductive tract.
What is the primary host for Toxoplasma gondii?
Cats
Cats shed oocysts for less than 2 weeks for their entire life.
Fill in the blank: The cyst stage of Apicomplexa is called _______.
Oocyst
What type of parasite is Babesia canis?
Intracellular parasite of RBCs in dogs
Also known as a piroplasm.
What is the main vector for Plasmodium species?
Mosquitos
Responsible for malaria in mammals, birds, and reptiles.
What is the diagnostic stage for Cystoisospora?
Oocyst
This parasite is commonly diagnosed in puppies and kittens.
True or False: Rickettsial parasites are obligate intracellular gram-positive bacteria.
False
Rickettsial parasites are gram-negative bacteria.
What is the common diagnosis method for Cryptosporidium?
Fecal flotation
It is a zoonotic parasite affecting various animals.
What is the primary effect of Histomonas meleagridis in birds?
Fatal liver disease
Also known as infectious enterohepatitis or blackhead.
What type of organism is Balantidium coli?
Ciliated protozoan
It primarily infects the large intestine of swine.
