Ch 47: Mobility and Immobility

Question 1

Friction

Answer 1

is a force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement. The greater the surface area of the object that is moved, the greater the friction. A larger object produces greater resistance to movement.

Question 2

Shear

Answer 2

the force exerted against the skin while the skin remains stationary and the bony structures move.

Question 3

Atelectasis

Answer 3

collapse of alveoli

Question 4

hypostatic pneumonia

Answer 4

inflammation of the lung from stasis or pooling of secretions.

Question 5

orthostatic hypotension

Answer 5

is an increase in heart rate of more than 15% and a drop of 15 mmHg or more in systolic bp or a drop of 10 mmHg or more in diastolic bp when the patient changes from supine to standing

Question 6

Three factors contribute to venous thrombus formation - VIRCHOWs TRIAD

Answer 6

1. damage to the vessel wall
2. alterations of blood flow (slow blood flow from bed rest)
3. alterations in blood constituents (change in clotting factors or increased platelet activity

Question 7

Foot drop

Answer 7

Foot is permanently fixed in plantar flexion

Question 8

PROM

Answer 8

Passive Range of Motion: the patient is unable to move independently and the nurse moves each joint thru its ROM.Exercises begin as soon as the patients ability to move the extremity or joint is lost. Carry out movements slowly and smoothly, just to the point of resistance; ROM should not cause pain. Never force a joint beyond its capacity. Each movement needs to be repeated 5x during the session