Ch 43 Drugs affecting blood pressure

Question 1

Angiotensin converting enzyme ACE inhibitor

Answer 1

Drug that blocks ACE, the enzyme responsible for converting angiotension one to angiotension two in the lungs; this blocking prevents the vasoconstriction and Aldosterone release related to angiotension two

Question 2

Angiotensin two receptors

Answer 2

Specific receptors found in blood vessels and the adrenal gland that react with angiotensin two to cause vasoconstriction and the release of aldosterone

Question 3

Baroreceptor

Answer 3

Pressure receptor; located in the arch of the aorta and in the carotid, artery; response to changes in pressure and influences the medulla to stimulate the sympathetic system to increase or decrease blood pressure

Question 4

Cardiovascular center

Answer 4

Area of the medulla at which stimulation will activate the sympathetic nervous system to increase blood pressure and heart rate

Question 5

Essential hypertension

Answer 5

Sustained blood pressure above normal limits with no discernible underlying cause

Question 6

Hypotension

Answer 6

Sustained blood pressure that is lower than that required to adequately profuse all of the bodies tissues

Question 7

Peripheral resistance

Answer 7

Force that resists the flow of blood through the vessels, mostly determined by the arterials, which contract to increase resistance; important in determining overall blood pressure

Question 8

Renin angiotensin aldosterone system

Answer 8

Compensatory process that leads to increased blood pressure and blood volume to ensure perfusion of the kidneys; important and the continual regulation of blood pressure

Question 9

Shock

Answer 9

Severe hypotension that can lead to accumulation of waste products and cell death

Question 10

Stroke volume

Answer 10

The amount of blood pumped out of the ventricle with each beat; important in determining blood pressure