Ch 42: Electrolytes and Fluid Balance - SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Flashcards
1
Q
Hyponatremia
Signs and Symptoms
A
“D CAT”, NVD
- Dizziness
- Convulsions, Siezures, Coma
- Abdominal cramping
- Tachycardia
- NVD (Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
2
Q
Hypernatremia
Signs and Symptoms
A
“DEAF”
- Dry and flushed skin, sticky tongue and mucous membranes
- Extreme thirst
- Agitation, Restlessness and irritability
- Fever
3
Q
Hypokalemia
Signs and Symptoms
A
“LOW AND SLOW”
- Tired/Weakness/fatigue
- Bradycardia
- Dysrhythmias
- Decreased bowel sounds w/ distention
- NV (Nausea/vomiting)
4
Q
Hyperkalemia
Signs and Symptoms
A
“PAWDA”
- Paresthesia - painless tingling or numbness, skin crawling, or itching of the extremities
- Anxiety
- Weakness
- Dysrhythmia
- Abdominal cramps, Diarrhea
5
Q
Hypocalcemia
Signs and Symptoms
A
- Positive Trousseau’s sign – carpopedal spasm with hypoxia
- Positive Chvostek’s sign – contraction of facial muscles when facial nerve tapped
- Tetany, Muscle cramps
- Numbness and tingling fingers and circumoral (around mouth) region
- Pathological fractures (chronic hypocalcemia)
6
Q
Hypercalcemia
Signs and Symptoms
A
“CHEBS”
- Confusion, lethargy, and fatigue
- High blood pressure and abnormal heart rhythms.
- Excessive thirst and frequent urination
- Bone pain and muscle weakness
- Stomach pain and digestive problems
7
Q
Hypoglycemia
Signs and Symptoms
A
- Headache, Blurry vision
- Diaphoresis, Dizzy
- Tachycardia, Tremors
- Hungry
- Weakness/fatigue
- Anxious/Irritable
*
8
Q
Hyperglycemia
Signs and Symptoms
A
- Extreme thirst
- Polyuria
- Dry skin
- Drowsy
- Slow-healing wounds
9
Q
Hypomagnesemia
Signs and Symptoms
A
- Trousseau’s and Chvostek’s signs
- Bradypnea
- Irritability
- Hypertension
- Decreased bowel sounds/mobility
10
Q
Hypermagnesemia
Signs and Symptoms
A
- Lethargy
- Tendon reflexes abscent/diminished
- HypOtension
- Arrythmias
- Respiratory arrest
- GI issues - NV
- Impaired breathing due to skeletal weakness
- Cardiac arrest
