Ch. 4 Test Flashcards
Governments usually vary by _________.
culture
Describe a unitary system.
gives all key power to the national or central government
Describe the federal system.
divides power between state and national government
Describe an autocracy.
ruled by one person and is the oldest and most common form of government
Describe a totalitarian dictatorship and give an example.
one person controls all aspects of life (Adolf Hitler)
Describe an absolute monarchy and give an example.
complete and unlimited rule over their people (Saudi Arabia) and is rare today
Describe an oligarchy and list an example.
ruled by few (China)
What is a Democracy?
ruled by the people
What does “democracy” mean?
“demos” is Greek for “people”
“kratia” is Greek for “rule”
Describe a direct democracy and list an exapmle.
the people directly decide on issues (no representatives)
nonexistent today
What is a republic (list an example)?
voters elect major officials (USA)
What are the three economic decisions?
- ) What and how many goods and services should be produced?
- ) How should they be produced?
- ) Who gets the goods and services provided?
Describe a traditional economy.
habit and customs determine rules (what’s good for ancestors is what’s good for you!)
What is a market economy?
individuals and private groups make decisions about what to produce and the people choose what to buy
What is free enterprise/ capitalism?
the idea that private individuals or groups have the right to own property or businesses to make a profit
Describe a mixed economy.
where the government supports and regulates free enterprise to keep competition fair
What is a command economy?
the government owns or directs the means of productiona and controls the distribution of goods
What are the three main goals of socialism and communism ?
- ) equal distribution fo wealth and economic opportunity
- ) society controls, through its government, of all major decisions about production
- )public ownership of most land, factories, and other means of production
What is free trade?
no barriers on trade
What countries in North America practice free trade?
US, Mexico, Canada (NACTA-North America Free Trade Association)
Does Europe practice free trade? Explain.
????????
Explain communism and some disadvantages about it.
requires strict government control of almost the entire society and economy (Russia). This could result in an economic decline because the consumers will not get the products they want
Describe socialism.
an economic system that allows wider range of free enterprise alongside government-run activities
There are around _____ countries today/
200
