Ch. 15 Flashcards
What is the USSR?
Union of Soviet Socialist Republic
What did the countries that became apart of the USSR supply Russia with?
Manufactured goods, supplied iron ore, food
What did the government own under the USSR?
Banks, farms, mines, transportation systems
Describe Russia’s education during the Soviet Era. How has it changed?
Free mandatory education, favored military, science, and engineering studies; now students can choose their schools, have more fields to study, and the schools lack the funding so the education is poor, teachers often quit
Explain the Bolshevik’s actions once they controlled the government of Russia.
They created an 8 hour work day, took over distribution of food, withdrew from WWI, took over all industry, and gave land to Germany.
What impact did the Soviet government have on Russian artists?
It limited individual artistic expression because all artists had to glorify the achievements of the USSr in their works (social realism)
Who was the Communist president during the 1980’s that wanted to make Russia more open? What were his policies?
Mikhail Gorbachev;
Perestroika and Glasnost
Describe the change in religion since the Soviet breakup?
Before 1917, the orthodox church was THE religion and the USSR government restricted all religious practices and promoted Atheism. After the fall of USSR, people began practicing religion again; only Christians, Muslims, Jews, and Buddhists have their full liberties though.
Explain the issue that Jews had in Russia.
During the czar’s reign, Jews could only live in certain areas, couldn’t own land, and were targets of organized persecution and massacres (pogroms); basically during the USSR so many moved to the US and Israel
What issues do Russians face as far as health is concerned?
Russians face diseases such as tuberculosis, typhoid, diptheria, etc.,lifestyle choices like tobacco and alcohol abuse, and inefficient health care; the government owns clinics and hospitals and doctors and nurses often quit due to poor pay, but new and privatized insurance helps some.
What do Russians enjoy doing for leisure?
Reading, playing chess, concerts, ballet, theatre, tennis, track and field, ice hockey, gymnastics; Christmas became a holiday once again in 1991 for the first time since 1918
What did the peasants want in the Revolution of 1905?
More land and ease of redemption payment
What did the professionals want in the Revolution of 1905?
Democracy and representation
What did the factory workers want in the Revolution of 1905?
Rights to strike and protection
What did the military want in the Revolution of 1905?
To stop loosing war and better equipment
On Bloody Sunday, what was it that the people wanted?
Freedom of press and lowered taxes, they were not questioning autocracy
Describe the October Manifesto.
Witte creates the National Duma. They do not have the power to make laws but did control the creation of laws. This erases autocracy, in which Nicholas breaks his vow to his father and God. He never gets over this and four Dumas meet before his death.
Who led the Bolsheviks party?
Vladimir Lenin
What is a Pyrrhic victory?
Too high of a cost for victory
