Ch 4 Terms Flashcards
abductor
a muscle that draws a limb away from the body
adductor
a muscle that draws a limb toward the body
urinalysis
lab analysis of the urine that aids in he diagnosis of many conditions
antibiotic
destroys or inhibits growth of bacteria
antibody
protein produced against an antigen (foreign body)
antigen
substance that stimulates the production of an antibody
antisepsis
fights infection
antitoxin
antibody (often found in animals) that acts against a toxin
bifurcation
normal splitting of 2 branches
ex: trachea splitting into 2 bronchi
bradycardia
slow heart rate < 60 bpm
hemodialysis
waste materials are separated from the blood via a machine (artificial kidney) when the kidneys can’t function
muscular dystrophy
a condition that causes muscular weakness and deterioration
ectopic pregnancy
pregnancy outside the uterus
euphoria
feeling of well-being
euthyroid
normal thyroid function
exophthalmos
protrusion of the eyeball associated with the enlargement and overactivity of the thyroid gland
hyperglycemia
high blood sugar levels
a sign of diabetes mellitus
hyperplasia
an increase in cell numbers
characteristic of tumor growth
hypertrophy
an increase in size of individual cells
muscle, cardiac, and renal cells exhibit hypertrophy when the workload is increased
hypertension
high blood pressure
macrocephalic
congenital abnormality when the brain is too large
associated with excess fluid in the brain
malaise
discomfort
symptom of illness often marking the onset of a disease
metacarpal bones
5 hand bones that lie beyond the wrist bones but before the fingers (phalanges)
metastasis
a malignant tumor that has spread to a secondary location
neonatal
interval from birth to 28 days
pancytopenia
deficiency of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
paralysis
abnormal disruption of the connection between nerve and muscle
prodrome
period where signs and symptoms appear before the actual illness and signal its onset
prosthesis
an artificial limb or structure
relapse
a disease or its signs/symptoms return after and apparent recovery
remission
signs and symptoms lessen and the patient feels better
retroflexion
an abnormal position of an organ, such as the uterus, bent or tilted backwards
synthesis
components come together to form something else
symphysis
a joint in which the bony surfaces are firmly united by a layer of fibrocartilage
symbiosis
2 organisms live together in close association, either for mutual benefit or not
