CH. 4: Structure and Function of Body Tissues Flashcards
The energy compound of the cell that stores energy needed for cell activities;
adenosine triphosphate
ATP
The category of organic compounds that includes sugars and starches
carbohydrate
The basic structural and functional unit of the living organism, a microscopic unit that
combines with other cells to form tissues (root: cyt/o)
cell
A thread-like body in a cell’s nucleus that contains genetic information
chromosome
Study of cells
cytology
The fluid that fills a cell and holds the organelles
cytoplasm
The genetic compound of the cell, makes up the genes; deoxyribonucleic
DNA
An organic substance that speeds the rate of a metabolic reaction
enzyme
A hereditary unit composed of DNA and combined with other genes to form the
chromosomes
gene
A simple sugar that circulates in the blood, the main energy source for metabolism
(roots: gluc/o, glyc/o)
glucose
Study of tissues
histology
A steady state, a condition of internal stability and constancy
homeostasis
A category of organic compounds that includes fats (root: lip/o)
lipid
A simple, very thin, and pliable sheet of tissue that might cover an organ, line a cavity, or
separate structures
membrane
The sum of all the physical and chemical reactions that occur within an organism
metabolism
cell division
mitosis
A thick fluid secreted by cells in membranes and glands that lubricates and protects tissues
(roots: muc/o, myx/o); the adjective is mucous.
mucus
The cell’s control center; directs all cellular activities based on the information contained
in its chromosomes (roots: nucle/o, kary/o)
nucleus
A part of the body with a specific function, a component of a body system
organ
A category of organic compounds that includes structural materials, enzymes, and some
hormones
protein
A specialized structure in the cytoplasm of a cell
organelle
An organic compound involved in the manufacture of proteins within cells; ribonucleic acid
RNA
A group of cells that acts together for a specific purpose (roots: hist/o, histi/o)
tissue
