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General Psych > Ch 4: States of Consciousness > Flashcards

Ch 4: States of Consciousness Flashcards

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1
Q

describes our awareness of internal and external stimuli

A

consciousness

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2
Q

pain, hunger, thirst, sleepiness, awareness of thoughts

A

internal stimuli

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3
Q

sight, feeling, hearing

A

external stimuli

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4
Q

internal rhythms of biological activity

A

biological rhythms

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5
Q

bio rhythm that takes place over a period of about 24 hours

A

circadian rhythm

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6
Q

main center of homeostasis

A

hypothalamus

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7
Q

brain’s clock mechanism is located in an area of the hypothalamus

A

suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

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8
Q

difference in circadian patterns of activity

A

chronotype

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9
Q

consistent difficulty in falling or staying asleep for at least 3 nights a week over a month

A

insomnia

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10
Q

not getting sufficient sleep on a chronic basis

A

sleep debt

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11
Q

study that combines the results of many related studies

A

meta-analysis

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12
Q

sleep-deprived individual will fall asleep more quickly during subsequent opportunities for sleep

A

sleep rebound

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13
Q

part of brain that is more important for regulating REM sleep

A

pons

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14
Q

hormones that are associated with sleep

A

melatonin, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), lutenizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone

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15
Q

discipline that studies the universal patterns of behavior and cognitive processes have evolved over time as a result of natural selection

A

evolutionary psych

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16
Q

2 general stages of sleep

A

REM and NREM

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17
Q

4 stages of NREM sleep

A

Stage 1-3 + REM sleep

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18
Q

what kind of brain waves are associated with stage 1 sleep

A

mostly alpha waves and towards of stage 1 is theta waves

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19
Q

type of brain wave in which it is low frequency, high amplitude

A

alpha waves

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20
Q

type of brain wave in which they are lower frequency and higher amplitude

A

theta waves

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21
Q

transitional sleep phase that occurs between wakefulness and sleep, slowing of RR and HR, # of overall muscle tension, and core body temp.

A

Stage 1

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22
Q

sleep phase is which you are in a state of deep relaxation, theta waves are dominant with interruptions of sleep spindles and also have the appearance of K-complexes

A

Stage 2

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23
Q

rapid burst of 4 frequency brain waves that may be important for learning and memory

A

sleep spindles

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24
Q

very high amplitude pattern of brain activity that may in some cases occur in response to environmental stimuli

A

K-complex

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25
Q

stage of sleep in which you are in a deep sleep or slow-wave sleep, HR and RR is slow, and the individual is more difficult to arouse when they are in this stage of sleep

A

Stage 3

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26
Q

what kind of brain waves are associated with Stage 3 of sleep

A

low frequency delta waves

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27
Q

what kind of brain waves are associated with Stage 2 of sleep

A

theta waves

28
Q

stage of sleep in which dreaming occurs, paralysis of muscle systems w/ the exception of circulation and respiration

A

REM sleep

29
Q

person who believed dreams were a link to our unconscious

A

Freud

30
Q

actual content, storyline of a dream

A

manifest content

31
Q

hidden meaning of a dream

A

latent content

32
Q

person who believed dreams allowed us to connect into the collective unconscious

A

Carl Jung

33
Q

theoretical repository of info believed to be shared by everyone

A

collective unconscious

34
Q

person who believed dreams simply reflect life events that are important to the dreamer

A

Cartwright

35
Q

person credited for developing activation-synthesis theory of dreaming

A

Alan Hobson

36
Q

dreams in which certain aspects of wakefulness are maintained during a dream state

A

lucid dreams

37
Q

one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep play a role

A

parasomnias

38
Q

examples of parasomnias

A

sleepwalking, restless leg syndrome, night terrors

39
Q

when the muscle paralysis associated w/ the REM sleep phase does NOT occur; associated w/ several degenerative diseases aka Parkinson’s disease

A

REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)

40
Q

type of sleep apnea in which individuals airway becomes blocked during sleep and air is prevented from entering the lungs

A

obstructive sleep apnea

41
Q

type of sleep apnea where there are disruptions in signals sent from the brain that regulate breathing cause periods of interrupted breathing

A

central sleep apnea

42
Q

[cocaine, amphetamines, metamphetamines] fall into which type of drug

A

stimulants

43
Q

effects of stimulants on the body

A

increased HR, BP and body temp.

44
Q

s/sx body shows when stimulant is taken

A

increased alertness, mild euphoria, (agitation, paranoia, hallucinations)

45
Q

[alcohol, barbituates, benzodiazepines] fall into which type of drug

A

selective-hypnotics aka depressants

46
Q

effect of depressants on the body

A

decreased HR and BP

47
Q

s/sx of body when depressants are taken

A

relaxation (sleep, memory loss, decreased respiratory function)

48
Q

[opium, heroin, fentanyl, morphine, oxycodone, methadone] fall into which drug category

A

opiates

49
Q

effects of opiates on the body

A

decreased pain, pupil dilatation,, decreased gut molality, decreased respiratory function

50
Q

s/sx body shows when opiates are taken

A

pain relief, euphoria, sleepiness (death d/t respiratory depression)

51
Q

[marijuana, LSD, DMT, ketamine, PCP] fall into what type of drug category

A

hallucinogens

52
Q

effects of hallucinogens on the body

A

increased HR and BP

53
Q

s/sx body shows when hallucinogens are taken

A

mild-intense perceptual changes; strain, method of ingestion

54
Q

type of drug that suppresses CNS activity

A

depressants

55
Q

type of drug that serves as agonists to GABA activity

A

depressants

56
Q

type of drug that increases overall levels of neural activity

A

stimulants

57
Q

type of drug that act as agonists to dopamine

A

stimulants

58
Q

type of stimulant that antagonizes adenosine activity

A

caffeine

59
Q

type of stimulant that interacts with ACH receptors

A

nicotine

60
Q

naturally occuring opioids found from poppy plant

A

opiates

61
Q

synthetic opioid that is less euphorigenic than heroine and similar drugs

A

methadone

62
Q

opioid w relatively low potency

A

codeine

63
Q

types of hallucinogens that are serotonin agonists

A

mescaline and LSD

64
Q

type of hallucinogens that are antagonists of the NMDA glutamate receptor

A

PCP and ketamine

65
Q
A

General Psych (4 decks)

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