Ch. 4 - Spine & Thorax Flashcards
How many vertebrae are in each region of the spine?
Cervical: 7
Thoracic: 12
Lumbar: 5
Sacrum: 5 fused
Coccyx: 2-4 fused
What feature do thoracic vertebrae have?
Costal facets to articulate with ribs
True ribs:
False ribs:
Floating ribs:
True: 1-7
False: 8-12
Floating 11 & 12
Which vertebrae have transverse foramen for the vertebral artery to run through?
Cervical
What is distinctive about lumbar vertebrae?
Large, weight bearing vertebral body
Erector spinae group is made up of:
Iliocostalis (most lateral)
Longissimus
Spinalis (most medial)
They unilaterally laterally flex vertebral column and bilaterally extend the vertebral column
Transversospinalis group
Multifidi & rotatores
Actions:
Rotate and extend vertebral column
Origin:
Transverse processes
Insertion:
Spinous processes
(Multifidi span 3-4 vertebrae)
(Rotatores span 1-2)
Quadratus lumborum
Actions:
Unilaterally elevates pelvis
Laterally flexes vertebral column
Origin:
Posterior iliac crest
Insertion:
12th rib and transverse processes of L1-L4
Rectus abdominis
Action:
Flex vertebral column
Origin:
Pubic symphysis
Insertion:
Costalcartilage of ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process
External obliques (action only)
Rotate vertebral column and bilaterally flex vertebral column
Internal obliques (action only)
Rotate and flex vertebral column
Transverse abdominis (action only)
Compress abdominal contents
(Deepest abdominal muscle)
Diaphragm (action only)
Increase volume of thoracic cavity during inhalation