Ch. 4: Our Constitutional Republic

Question 1

The ?, on the other hand, emphasized the relationship between the king and the colonies. For the early colonists, the was the most familiar constitution

Answer 1

charters

Question 2

The next step was for the states to ratify these provisions for central government, known as the ?

Answer 2

Articles of Confederation

Question 3

the central government is subordinate to state governments and has only the powers which they grant it

Answer 3

confederacy

Question 4

the Articles of Confederation provided for only one ? of government

Answer 4

branch

Question 5

The ? provided for the surveying of western lands in the Northwest Territory

Answer 5

Land Ordinance of 1785

Question 6

The ? provided a plan of government for the territory.

Answer 6

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Question 7

was limited to Massachusetts, but it put the fear of anarchy into the hearts of many Americans

Answer 7

Shays’ Rebellion

Question 8

the forerunner of the written constitution in America

Answer 8

Mayflower Compact

Question 9

The ? met with such success that Virginia invited all the states to send representatives to a convention the next year at Annapolis, Maryland, to discuss common problems of commerce and navigation.

Answer 9

Mount Vernon Conference

Question 10

The ? in 1786 proved to be disappointing

Answer 10

Annapolis Convention

Question 11

Although the convention in Philadelphia was called for the purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation, we remember it as the ?.

Answer 11

Constitutional Convention

Question 12

The ? who at one time or another attended the deliberations were among America’s best and ablest men.

Answer 12

fifty-five delegates

Question 13

the two most famous Americans to attend the constitutional convention

Answer 13

George Washington and Benjamin Franklin

Question 14

? of Virginia, then only thirty-six, is generally agreed to have been the single most important member of the Convention and is often referred to as the “Father of the Constitution.”

Answer 14

James Madison

Question 15

Two other notables were ?

Answer 15

Alexander Hamilton and Gouverneur Morris

Question 16

The average age of the delegates was forty-two. ?, the youngest, was only twenty-six.

Answer 16

Jonathan Dayton

Question 17

Madison’s political thought may be summed up in three words: ?

Answer 17

constitutionalism, republicanism, and federalism.

Question 18

The meeting in Philadelphia had been scheduled to begin on May 14, ?

Answer 18

1787

Question 19

When the delegates gathered in the Pennsylvania State House (known today as ?), where the Declaration of Independence had been signed, they immediately chose George Washington to preside as the chairman or “president” of the Convention.

Answer 19

Independence Hall

Question 20

As the Convention opened, most of the delegates were agreed that what was needed was a ?, with areas of authority divided between the states and the national government.

Answer 20

federal system

Question 21

Most also agreed that a ? was essential, with officials chosen to represent the people and the states.

Answer 21

republican system

Question 22

Virginia’s thirty-three- year-old governor, Edmund Randolph, proposed James Madison’s ? which called for a bicameral (two-house) legislature.

Answer 22

Virginia Plan

Question 23

On June 15, 1787, William Paterson of New Jersey presented the ? which called for a unicameral (one-house) legislature, with all states having equal representation

Answer 23

New Jersey Plan

Question 24

After much debate, the Convention accepted a compromise in mid-July, often called the ? or the Connecticut Compromise because of the role of Connecticut delegate Roger Sherman in proposing it.

Answer 24

Great Compromise

Question 25

Upper house

Answer 25

Senate

Question 26

Lower house

Answer 26

House of Representatives

Question 27

The fears of the South were alleviated by the ?

Answer 27

Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise.

Question 28

Those who favored the new Constitution called themselves ?; those who opposed its adoption were labeled the ?.

Answer 28

Federalists, Anti-Federalists

Question 29

Later, these essays were collectively published as the ?

Answer 29

Federalist

Question 30

Congress chose ? as the temporary capital of the new government and asked the states to begin making plans for presidential and Congressional elections, which were to be held early in 1789.

Answer 30

New York City

Question 31

The main purposes for which the U.S. government was established are stated in the ? (introduction) to the Constitution

Answer 31

Preamble

Question 32

6 purposes for the Constitution

Answer 32

Form a more perfect union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, promote general welfare, and To secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity

Question 33

a division of the power of government between the national (also called central or federal) government and the state governments.

Answer 33

federalism

Question 34

Those powers that have been given to the national government by the Constitution

Answer 34

delegated powers.

Question 35

Powers not given to the national government by the Constitution or
prohibited by the Constitution are reserved for the states or for the people.

Answer 35

reserved powers

Question 36

political power is separated among three political institutions.

Answer 36

separation of powers

Question 37

The idea for the separation of powers comes from the Frenchman ?

Answer 37

Charles de Montesquieu

Question 38

3 branches of central government

Answer 38

the legislative branch, which makes the laws,(2) the executive branch, which carries out, or executes the laws, and(3) the judicial branch, which interprets the laws according to the Constitution

Question 39

Montesquieu also advocated a system of ? in order to minimize the chance of tyranny from any one branch of government.

Answer 39

checks and balances

Question 40

(Constitution)Articles ? of the Constitution describe the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, respectively, and how the members of the three branches of the federal government are chosen, how long they shall serve, and what qualifications they must have for office

Answer 40

I, II, and III

Question 41

(Constitution) Article ? of the Constitution outlines the federal relationship among the states and between the national government and the states.

Answer 41

IV

Question 42

Article ? provides for making amendments (changes in the Constitution). There
are two steps in the amending of the constitution: proposal and ratification

Answer 42

V

Question 43

Article ? establishes that the Constitution is the supreme law of the land, to which all judges and federal and state officers are bound.

Answer 43

VI

Question 44

Article ?, sets forth the manner in which the Constitution was to be ratified

Answer 44

VII

Question 45

over ? amendments have been introduced into Congress, but only seventeen have been adopted since the passage of the Bill of Rights in 1791

Answer 45

10,000