Ch 4- IV

Question 1

Large volume infusion

Answer 1

Continuous

Question 2

Fluid Bolus

Answer 2

Large amount of IV fluid given in short period of time

Less than an hr

Rapidly replace fluid loss caused by dehydration, shock, hemorrhage, burns, trauma

18 gauge +

Question 3

Preventing IV infections

Answer 3

Change IV sites every 72 hr

Avoid writing on IV bags with pens or markers

Fluids should not hang more than 24 hr

Wipe ports with alcohol or antiseptic swab

Don’t disconnect tubing for convenience or repositioning

Question 4

Cather sizes

Answer 4

16 gauge trauma

18 gauge surgical - rapid blood admin

22-24 all other

Question 5

Infiltration findings

Nonvesicant solution

Answer 5

Pallor
Swelling
Cool to touch
Damp dressing
Slow infusion

Question 6

Infiltration treatment

Answer 6

Stop
Elevate
ROM
warm or cold compress

Question 7

Extravastation findings

Vesicant or tissue damaging med

Answer 7

Pain
Burning
Redness
Swelling

Question 8

Extravasation treatment

Answer 8

Stop

May need to admin antidote before removal

Prevent: infusion pump

Question 9

Hematoma findings

Answer 9

Ecchymosis

Question 10

Hematoma treatment

Answer 10

Do not apply alcohol

Apply pressure after IV catheter removal

Use warm compress and elevation after bleeding stops

Question 11

Hematoma prevention

Answer 11

Minimize tourniquet time

Remove tourniquet before staring IV infusion

Maintain pressure after removal

Question 12

Phlebitis/thrombophlebitis findings

Answer 12

Edema
Throbbing
Burning
Pain at site 
Increased skin temp
Erythema 
Red line up arm 
Palpable band at vein site
Slowed infusion

Question 13

Phlebitis/thrombophlebitis treatment

Answer 13

Stop
Elevate
Apply cold compress then warm
Culture site and catheter if drainage present

Question 14

Phlebitis/thrombophlebitis prevention

Answer 14

Rotate sites 72 hrs

Avoid lower extremities

Question 15

Cellulitis findings

Answer 15

Pain
Warmth
Edema
Induration
Red streaking
Fever
Chills
Malaise

Question 16

Cellulitis treatment

Answer 16

Stop
Elevate
Apply warm compresses 3-4 times daily

Admin:
Antibiotics
Analgesics
Antipyretics

Question 17

Cellulitis prevention

Answer 17

Rotate 72 hrs

Avoid lower extremities

Question 18

Fluid overload findings

Answer 18

Distended neck veins
Increased BP
Tachycardia
Shortness of breath 
Crackles
Edema

Question 19

Fluid overload treatment

Answer 19

Slow IV rate
Raise head of bed
Assess vitals
Use of diuretics

Question 20

Fluid overload prevention

Answer 20

Infusion pump

Monitor I and O