Ch 4 Infancy Physical Dev

Question 1

Differentiation

Answer 1

The processes by which behaviors and physical structures become specialized

Question 2

Failure to thrive (ftt)

Answer 2

A disorder of infancy and childhood characterized by variable eating and inadequate gains in weight

Question 3

Canalization

Answer 3

The tendency of growth ratesto return to normal after undergoing environmentally induced change

Question 4

Nerves

Answer 4

Bundles of axons from many neurons

Question 5

Neurons

Answer 5

Cells in the nervous system that transmit messages

Question 6

Dendrites

Answer 6

Root-like parts of neurons that receive impulses from other neurons

Question 7

Axon

Answer 7

Long, thin part of a neuron that transmits impulses to other neurons through branching structures ( terminals)

Question 8

Neurotransmitters

Answer 8

Chemical that transmits a neural impulse across a synapse from one neuron to another

Question 9

Myelin sheath

Answer 9

Fatty, whitish substance that encases and insult
Insulates axons

Question 10

Myelination

Answer 10

The coating of axons with myelin

Question 11

Multiple sclerosis

Answer 11

A disorder in which hard fibrous tissue replaces myelin,impeding neural transmission

Question 12

Medulla

Answer 12

Part of brain stem
That regulates vital and automatic functions such as breathing and the sleep wake cycle

Question 13

Cerebellum

Answer 13

Area of the lower, back part of the brain involved in coordination and balance

Question 14

Cerebrum

Answer 14

Largest , rounded part of the brain responsible for learning, thought, memory, and language

Question 15

Ulnar grasp

Answer 15

Grasping objects between the fingers and the palm

Question 16

Pincer grasp

Answer 16

Grasping objects between the fingers and the thumb

Question 17

Locomotion

Answer 17

Movement from one place to another

Question 18

Toddler

Answer 18

A child who walks with short, uncertain steps

Question 19

Perceptual constancy

Answer 19

Perceiving objects as maintaining their identity although sensations from them change as their positions change

Question 20

Habituation

Answer 20

Becoming used to a stimulus and therefore paying less attention to it