Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Kaplan General Chemistry > Ch. 4: Compounds and Stoichiometry > Flashcards

Ch. 4: Compounds and Stoichiometry Flashcards

1
Q

molecular weight

A

the sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in a molecule in atomic mass units (amu)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

formulate weight

A

the sum of the atomic weights of the constituent ions in an ionic compound in atomic mass units (amu)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

mole

A

quantity of any substance equal to the number of particles equal to Avogadro’s Number (6.023 E 23 mol^-1)

like a dozen eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

molar mass

A

the mass of one mole of a compound, expressed in g/mol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

formula for determining the number of moles of a sample substance is…

A

Moles = mass of sample (g) / molar mass (g/mol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

one mole of any compound has a mass in grams equal to what

A

the molecular or formula weight in amu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

concept of equivalents

A

How many moles of the thing we’re interested in will one mole of a given compound produce

= mass of compound (g)/gram equivalent weight(g)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

gram equivalent weight definition

A

the mass of a compound that provides one mole of the compound of interest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

gram equivalent weight formula

A

gram equivalent weight = Molar mass/n

where n is the number of particles of interest produced/consumed per molecule of the compound in the reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Normality (N)

A

a measure of concentration

equivalents/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Molarity (M)

A

Normality/n

where n is the protons/electrons/ions produced/consumed by the solute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Empirical Formula

A

simplest whole-number ratio of the elements in the compound

Peroxide (H2O2) - HO
Water (H2O) - H2O

does not exist for ionic compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Molecular Formula

A

exact number of atoms of each element in the compound

ex: H2O, C6H12O6, H2O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Percent Composition formula

A

mass of element in compound/molar mass of the compound x100%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

combination reactions description

A

A + B –> C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

decomposition reactions description

A

A –> B+C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

combustion reactions description

A

oxidation of a fuel (usually hydrocarbon fuel being oxidized by O2 or similar)

CH4 + 2O2 –> CO2 + 2H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

single-displacement reaction description

A

atom or ion in a compound replaced by atom/ion of another element

A + BC –> AB + C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

double-displacement reactions

A

elements from two different compounds swap places to form two new compounds

also called metathesis reactions

AB + CD –> AD + BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

neutralization reactions

A

specific type of double-displacement reaction; acid reacts with a base to produce a salt (and usually water)

HCl + NaOH –> NaCl = H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

limiting reagent

A

the reactant that will be used up or consumed first in a reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

excess reagent

A

the reactant that will remain after all of the limiting reagent is used up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Two principles that govern determination of limiting reactant

A
  1. All comparisons must be done in moles

2. Must consider absolute mole quantity AND rate at which mole quantity is consumed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

theoretical yield

A

maximum amount of product that can be generated as predicted from the balanced reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

actual yield

A

the amount of product actually obtained when a reaction is run

26
Q

percent yield formula

A

actual yield/theoretical yield x100%

27
Q

Iron (II)

28
Q

Iron (III)

29
Q

Copper (I)

30
Q

Copper (II)

31
Q

Ferrous

32
Q

Ferric

33
Q

Cuprous

34
Q

Cupric

35
Q

Hydride

36
Q

Fluoride

37
Q

Oxide

38
Q

Sulfide

39
Q

Nitride

40
Q

Phosphide

41
Q

oxyanion

A

polyatomic anion containing oxygen

42
Q

NO2 -

43
Q

NO3 -

44
Q

SO3 2-

45
Q

SO4 2-

46
Q

ClO -

A

Hypochlorite

47
Q

ClO2 -

48
Q

ClO3 -

49
Q

ClO4 -

A

Perchlorate

50
Q

Hydrogen carbonate or bicarbonate

51
Q

Hydrogen sulfate or bisulfate

52
Q

Dihydrogen phosphate

53
Q

Ammonium

54
Q

Acetate

55
Q

Cyanide

56
Q

Permanganate

57
Q

Thiocyanate

58
Q

Chromate

59
Q

Dichromate

60
Q

Borate

61
Q

electrolytes

A

solutes that enable solutions to carry currents d/t ion-dipole interactions between ionic compounds and water molecules in solution

Kaplan General Chemistry (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions