Ch. 4: Atoms and Elements

Question 1

T/F: The atom is the fundamental building block of everything we hear, feel, see, and experience.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

T/F: An atom is the smallest identifiable unit of a compound.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

T/F: John Dalton was the first person recorded as thinking that matter was ultimately composed of atoms.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

T/F: John Dalton formalized an atomic theory that gained acceptance in the early 19th century.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

T/F: You can continually divide matter into smaller and smaller pieces without ever coming to an end.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

T/F: All of the positive charge of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

T/F: Ernest Rutherford proved the existence of electrons.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

T/F: The gold foil experiment proved that large regions of the atoms consisted of empty space.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

T/F: The nucleus of an atom is a very small, dense region that contains over 99.9% of the atomic mass.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

T/F: Protons and electrons each have a mass of 1 amu.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

T/F: A positive charge attracts negative charges and repels other positive charges.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

T/F: The mass of a proton is exactly the same as the mass of a neutron.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

T/F: The charges on electrons and neutrons cancel each other to give neutral atoms.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

T/F: Protons and neutrons have similar masses and similar electrical charges.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

T/F: An atom containing 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 8 electrons would be considered charge-neutral.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

T/F: The number of protons in an atom’s nucleus defines the element.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

T/F: If two atoms each contain different numbers of protons, the atoms must be from different elements.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

T/F: All elemental symbols are comprised of a two-letter abbreviation.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

T/F: The elemental symbol for manganese is Mg.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

T/F: All carbon atoms have exactly 6 protons.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

T/F: The atomic number of nitrogen is 14.01.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

T/F: In the modern periodic table, elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number rather than increasing relative mass.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

T/F: Metals are located on the left side of the periodic table.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

T/F: The elements within a group on the periodic table tend to have similar properties.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

T/F: Group 2A elements are called Alkali Metals.

Answer 25

False

Question 26

T/F: Aluminum is one of the most commonly used metalloids.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

T/F: An element is discovered that is a solid, has one valence electron, and readily forms a 1+ ion. This element would be correctly classified as a nonmetal.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

T/F: Main-group elements tend to form ions that have the same number of total electrons as the nearest halogen.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

T/F: A cation forms when an atom gains an electron.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

T/F: Halogens form anions with a 1- charge.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Group 1A elements are called:

Answer 31

Alkali metals

Question 32

Group 2A elements are called:

Answer 32

Alkaline earth metals

Question 33

Group 7A elements are called:

Answer 33

Halogens

Question 34

Group 8A elements are called:

Answer 34

Noble gases

Question 35

When an atom loses an electron, the resulting particle is called:

Answer 35

A cation

Question 36

When an atom gains an electron, the resulting particle is called:

Answer 36

An anion