Ch. 4-6 Flashcards
Three Step Writing Process:
Plan:
-Analyze Audience (Purpose & Audience needs)
- Gather Information (Audience needs & Info satisfying them)
- Choose a medium and channel (best combo for situation, message, and audience)
- Organize information
Write:
-Adapt to your audience (You attitude)
-Compose the message (Choosing strong words to create effective sentences)
Complete:
-Revise Information (Evaluate content)
- Produce Information (Use effective design)
- Proofread Information (Check for grammatical errors)
- Distribute Information (Deliver message)
Direct vs. Indirect Approach
Direct- States with the main ideas THEN supporting evidence
Indirect- Starts with supporting evidence and builds up to the idea
Define: Richness
A mediums ability to:
(1) Convey a message through more than one information cue (Visual, Verbal, and Vocal)
(2) Facilitate Feedback
(3) Establish personal focus
Richest medium: Face to face communication
Define: Leanest
A medium that:
(1) Communicates in simplest ways
(2) Provides no opportunity for feedback
(3) Not personalized
Lean medium: Text messaging
Types of Mediums:
Oral:
- In Person Channel
- Digital Channel (Voicemail, recordings, phone calls)
Written:
- Digital Channel (Tweets, Word Docs, Email)
- Print Channel (Reports, memos, letters, proposals)
Visual:
- Digital Channel (Animation, Charts)
- Print Channel (Printed photos, Diagrams)
Define: You Attitude
Speaking and writing in terms of your audience’s wishes, interests, hopes, and preferences.
Replace terms such as I, Me, Mine, We, etc. with Ours, You, Yours
Types of tone:
Stuffy: Too formal for today’s audience
Conversational: Just right for most business communications
Unprofessional: Too casual for business communication
Define: Active Voice
The subject performs the action and the object receives the action
Example: Jody sent the email
Define: Passive Voice
The subject receives the action
Example: The email was sent by Jody
Denotative meaning vs. Connotative meaning
Denotative meaning:
-Literal or dictionary meaning
Connotative meaning:
-includes all associations and feeling evoked by the word
Types of sentences:
Simple sentences
-One main clause
Compound sentences
-Two main clause
Complex sentences
- One main clause
- One subordinate clause
Compound- complex sentences
- Two main clauses
- One dependent clause
Ways to develop a paragraph:
Illustration
- Examples that demonstrate general idea
Comparison or contrast
-Similarities and differences
Cause and Effect
-Focusing on the reasons for something
Classification
-Showing how general idea is broken into specific categories
Problem and Solution
-Presenting problem then discussing solution
What is Hedging?
Pulling back from making a confident, definitive statement about a topic; Using “may” or “seems” to avoid stating a judgment or prediction as a fact
