Ch 4-5 Flashcards
*Organized groupings of (usually, but not always) connected cells and secreted materials that perform specific, limited functions with a larger system (such as within an organ or larger grouping.)
Tissues
Where do cells in tissue stem from?
Mesenchyme stem cells
What do cells in tissue have in common?
Common origin (embryonic tissue within the organism’s body
4 major types of tissue
Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous
Tissue that covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways, forms glands
Epithelial
Tissue that lines roof of mouth, digestive, respiratory, and urinary tract.
Epithelial
Type of tissue that is the “packer material in our cavitities”
Connective
Tissue that fills internal spaces, supports other tissues, transports materials, stores energy
Connective
Tissue that is specialized for contraction, skeletal muscle, heart muscle, and walls of hollow organs
Muscle tissue
Types of muscle tissue
skeletal, smooth (in organs), cardiac
The tissue that carries electrical signals from on part of the body to another.
Neural tissue
Epithelial tissue is subdivided into:
Epithelia, glands and glandular epithelia
*A layer of cells covering an internal or external surface
Epithelium
*An epithelial cell that has differentiated/specialized into a cell that produces secretions
A gland
*A layer of epithelial cells in which most or all of the cells have been specialized into gland cells
Glandular epithelia
5 important characteristics of epithelia
- Cellularity
- Polarity
- Attachment
- Avascularity (doesn’t have a vessel)
- Regeneration
Polarity have two faces which are? And where are they located?
Apical surface (closer to the exterior) and the basolateral surface (closer to the base of the tissue)
The basal membrane is made up of:
a thin two -part layer made up of a fibrous matrix of protein
The basal lamina is secreted by the _____ cells
epithelial
The reticular fibers is secreted by the _____ cells
connective tissue
What do attachment proteins attach epithelial cells to?
The basement membrane
Avascularity- where do blood vessels run?
Below epithelia and through the underlying connective tissue
When epithelial cells divide more often than most tissues to replace lost cells, this is?
Regeneration
4 functions of epithelial tissues
- Physical protection
- Control Permeability
- Sensation
- Produce secretions
Function of cilia
to move secreted material over their surface
Function of microvilli
Increase surface area of the tissue to absorb or secrete more materials
“Button” proteins that seal tightly together
Tight junctions
“Zipper” densely packed interlocking proteins
Desmosomes (macula adherons)
A ring of proteins creating a pore connecting their cytoplasm adhering cells to one another but allowing them to share cytoplasmic contents
Gap junction
Cells that make up junctions are known as CAMS
Cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs)
Other names for CAMs:
Cadherins
Integrins
Connexins
