CH 4-4 Risks and Odds Flashcards
How would you set up a Generalized Table Summarizing Results of a Prospective Study?
What do we arrive at when we calculate:
P(event occurring in treatment group) - P(event occurring in control group)
absolute risk reduction
What is the formula for absolute risk reduction using information from the gerneralized table?
In what type of studies is relative risk used for?
Prospective study
What notation is used for proportion (or incidence rate) of some characterisitc in a treatment and control group?
How do you calculate the relative risk (risk ratio/RR)?
What is the number of subjects that must be treated in order to prevent one event?
number needed to treat (NNT)
What is the formula to find the number needed to treat (NNT)?
What is the formula for the actual odds against?
What is the formula for the actual odds in favor?
In retrospective and prospective studies, what is a measure of risk found by evaluating the ratio of the odds in favor of the treatment group to the odds in favor of the control group?
Odds Ratio (OR or relative odds)
What is the formula for the odds ratio?
Why is relative risk only used in prospective studies?
In retropsective studies researchers can choose disease case that are different that the actual incidence rates
