CH 4-1 Basic Concepts of Probability

Question 1

Between what two values are probability values expressed?

Answer 1

0-1

Question 2

What probability values causes statisticians to reject chance as an explination?

Answer 2

very low probabilities

Question 3

What term describes any collection of results or outcomes of a procedure?

Answer 3

event

Question 4

What term describes an outcome or event that cannot be further broken down into simpler components?

Answer 4

simple event

Question 5

What consists of all possible simple events?

Answer 5

sample space

Question 6

What is the formula for relative frequency approximation of probability?

Answer 6

P(A) = ( number of times A occurred / number of times the procedure was repeated)

Question 7

What is the formula for the classic approach to probability?

Answer 7

P(A) = (number of ways A occurs / number of different simple events) = s/n

Question 8

What term describes when the probability of event A is estimated by using knowledge of the relevant circumstances?

Answer 8

Subjective Probabilities

Question 9

What are the rules for rounding probability values?

Answer 9

give the exact fraction or decimal or round off final decimal results to three significant figures

Question 10

What law states that as a procedure is repeated again and again, the relative frequency probability of an event tends to approach the actual probability?

Answer 10

Law of Large Numbers

Question 11

What value means the probability of an event is certain?

Answer 11

1

Question 12

What is the relationship between significant results and probability?

Answer 12

Results are significantly high or low if probability is low (less than or equal to 0.05)
Results are not significant if the result is greater than 0.05