Ch 39 - exam 3 Flashcards
animal form and function
What are the 4 types of adult tissue
- connective
- nervous
- muscle
- epithelial
Types of connective tissue
loose (collagen fiber)
- supporting (bone and cartilage)
- dense (tendon)
- fluid (blood)
What is nervous tissue?
Neurons with dendrites and axons that send electrical signals
3 Types of muscle tissue
- skeletal
- cardiac (intercalated disks)
- smooth
What is epithelial tissue?
- lines outside of body, organs
- gland
- protection and gatekeeper
- regulate what gets through
What are tight junctions?
seal cells together
What are Desmosomes?
connect the cytoskeletons of cells
What are Gap Junctions?
act as channels between cells
As animals get bigger, what happens to the ratio of SA:vol?
ratio gets smaller
What are 3 adaptations that increase SA?
- flattening (fish gill lamallae)
- folding (intestinal folds and villi)
- branching (capillaries)
What function of cell/tissue usually determines the shape that inc SA:Vol
diffusion
Conformation is seen in what?
Ectotherms
What does negative feedback do?
Reduces difference from setpoint
Regulation is seen in what?
Endotherms
What is a poikilotherm?
animal that changes its body conditions based on the environment (ex: Japanese honeybee)
What is a homeotherm?
animal maintains constant body temperature (ex: us)
When you see highly folded tissues, what does that indicate about the function/processes occurring in those tissues?
diffusion!
Lidt the 5 different types of connective tissues
- fiber
- tendon
- bone
- cartillage
- blood
What are intercalated disks and where are they located?
send electrical signals throughout cardiac muscle
What is homeostasis and how does it work?
the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes, involving mechanisms that regulate various factors like temperature, blood sugar, and pH. It works through a feedback system where receptors detect changes, a control center processes the information, and effectors (organs or tissues) respond to restore balance
What are some examples of things animals are trying to maintain?
temperature, pH, salt levels
What is specific metabolic rate vs just metabolic rate?
metabolic rate: consumption of O2 per hour
SPECIFIC mr: consumption of O2 per hour per GRAM of tissue
