Ch 39 Flashcards
cell hierarchy order
molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
population
members of a species that live in the same area at the same time
community
populations that live together and interact
ecosystem
a community and the non-living environment
biosphere
multiple interacting ecosystems
4 types of animal tissue
Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
epithelial tissue
sheets of tightly packed cells, one or more (simple or stratified) layers thick, this tissue covers, lines, is a barrier, protection, and sensation
5 main functions of epithelial tissue
covers, lines, is a barrier, protection, sensation
2 main functions of glandular epithelium
absorption and secretion
epithelial cell shapes
squamous, cuboidal, columnar
squamous cells
squished flat like squishing a bug
cuboidal cells
like a tube
columnar cells
like a column, long and tall
types of epithelial tissue
stratified squamous, simple squamous, simple columnar, stratified columnar, simple cuboidal, psuedostratified columnar, etc
basement membrane
non-cellular (no living cells), forms a tough layer for cells to anchor themselves to
psuedostratified cells
looks like it’s stratified but it’s not, can tell it’s psuedo because every cell touches top and bottom of cell
where is simple squamous epithelium in the body?
lines blood vessels and air sacs in the lungs, exchange of materials by diffusion
where is simple cuboidal and columnar epithelium found in the cell?
lines passageways, specialized for secretion and absorption
cilia
tiny hairs found on cells that are used to move fluid over the cell or move the cell
what are formed from epithelial tissue?
glands
goblet cells
unicellular glands that secrete mucus
endocrine glands
release hormones into interstitial fluid or blood, example: pituitary gland, thyroid gland
exocrine glands
secrete onto an epithelial surface, examples: sweat glands
epithelial membrane
sheet of epithelial tissue and a layer of underlying connective tissue