Ch. 39 Flashcards
Which of the following agents blocks the body’s ability to use oxygen and possesses an odor similar to almonds?
A. phosgene oxime B. hydrogen cyanide C. organophosphates D. carbon monoxide
B.
The type and severity of wounds sustained from incendiary and explosive devices primarily depend on the:
A. type of material used to manufacture the device. B. patient's distance from the epicenter of the explosion. C. pressure that is generated from the explosion itself. D. size of the structure that was involved in the explosion.
B.
Exposure to _________ would MOST likely result in immediate respiratory distress.
A. lewisite B. soman C. tabun D. chlorine
D.
When multiple patients present with an acute onset of difficulty breathing, chest tightness, and hoarseness or stridor, you should be MOST suspicious of exposure to:
A. a vesicant agent. B. phosgene or chlorine. C. sarin or soman. D. a nerve agent.
B.
As the first arriving emergency responder at the scene of a suspected terrorist or WMD incident, you should request additional resources as needed and then:
A. function as the incident commander until additional personnel arrive. B. direct your partner to begin triaging patients as you call medical control. C. carefully inspect the area for the presence of secondary explosive devices. D. remain where you are until additional ambulances arrive at the scene.
A.
The process performed to artificially maximize the target population’s exposure to a biologic agent, thereby exposing the greatest number of people and achieving the desired effect, is called:
A. alkalinization. B. potentiation. C. weaponization. D. dissemination.
C.
Signs and symptoms of exposure to a nerve agent include:
A. dry mouth, dilated pupils, and headache. B. salivation, pinpoint pupils, and diarrhea. C. tachycardia, flushed skin, and unequal pupils. D. hypertension and severe pulmonary edema.
B.
A severe risk of terrorist attacks is indicated by the color _____ by the Department of Homeland Security Security Advisory System.
A. red B. blue C. orange D. green
A.
The skin lesions associated with smallpox:
A. initially form on the lower trunk. B. develop early during the disease. C. are identical in their development. D. are of different shapes and sizes.
C.
To date, the preferred weapons of mass destruction for terrorists have been:
A. nuclear weapons. B. chemical weapons. C. biologic weapons. D. explosive weapons.
D.
Early signs and symptoms of smallpox include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A. body aches. B. skin blisters. C. headaches. D. high fever.
B.
Botulinum is:
A. a disease of the leukocytes. B. an acute viral infection. C. rarely associated with death. D. a potent bacterial neurotoxin.
D.
After eating at a local restaurant, a 20-year-old male complains of blurred vision, difficulty speaking, and difficulty breathing. He is conscious; however, his respirations are profoundly labored and producing minimal tidal volume. You should:
A. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. B. request a paramedic to administer atropine. C. assist his ventilations with 100% oxygen. D. position him supine and elevate his legs.
C.
You are assessing a 30-year-old female who presents with respiratory distress and tachycardia after she opened a package that was delivered to her home. The patient tells you that there was a fine white powder on the package, but she did not think it was important. This patient has MOST likely been exposed to:
A. a neurotoxin. B. anthrax. C. botulinum. D. Ebola.
B.
Unlike viruses and bacteria, neurotoxins:
A. cause skin blistering. B. cause high fever. C. are not contagious. D. have a slow onset of symptoms.
C.
All of the following biologic agents or diseases can be transmitted from person to person, EXCEPT:
A. smallpox. B. ricin. C. pneumonic plague. D. inhalation anthrax.
B.
The chemical attacks that occurred in Tokyo between 1994 and 1995 were carried out by a(n):
A. group of domestic terrorists. B. single-issue terrorist group. C. violent religious group. D. extremist political group.
C.
You are treating a patient who experienced a significant exposure to cyanide. He is semiconscious and is breathing inadequately. The MOST appropriate method of providing assisted ventilations to this patient is to:
A. use a bag-mask device. B. perform mouth-to-mouth ventilations. C. request a paramedic unit to intubate. D. perform mouth-to-mask ventilations.
A.
Most terrorist attacks are:
A. unplanned. B. impulsive. C. covert. D. nuclear attacks.
C.
__________ rays easily penetrate through the human body and require several inches of lead or concrete to prevent penetration.
A. Gamma B. Alpha C. Beta D. Neutron
A.
Which of the following statements regarding a “dirty bomb” is correct?
A. Dirty bombs could injure victims with both radioactive material and the explosive material used to deliver it. B. Dirty bombs contain significant amounts of radioactive material and are capable of being delivered via a missile. C. The effectiveness of a dirty bomb is solely dependent on the amount of alpha radiation that it emits. D. The dirty bomb, because of its ability to cause massive damage over a large geographic area, is an effective WMD.
A.
At present, the likelihood of a nuclear attack against the United States is very low because:
A. terrorist nations do not have the ability to deliver a nuclear weapon via missile or bomb. B. the United States has an effective early warning system to detect an incoming nuclear missile. C. all nuclear devices or weapons that different countries are in possession of are currently accounted for. D. other than the United States, no other countries are currently in possession of nuclear weapons.
A.
The primary clinical feature associated with exposure to phosgene oxime is:
A. bradycardia. B. skin blistering. C. a red rash. D. miosis.
B.
Most cases of anthrax begin with:
A. pulmonary edema. B. respiratory distress. C. signs of shock. D. flulike symptoms.
D.
You are dispatched to the scene of a building explosion. Upon arrival, you see people frantically fleeing the building, screaming, “Everyone is passing out!” You should:
A. notify dispatch and state that a terrorist attack has occurred. B. contact the FBI immediately and report the current situation. C. assist with the evacuation and begin triaging the patients. D. carefully assess the situation and ensure your own safety.
D.
Cross-contamination occurs when:
A. an EMT has direct contact with a chemical agent at a terrorist incident. B. an EMT provides care to a victim after the victim has been decontaminated. C. an EMT is exposed to a victim who has not yet been decontaminated. D. two EMTs are exposed to the same agent after being decontaminated.
C.
If the incident command system (ICS) is already established at the scene of a WMD or terrorist attack, the EMT should:
A. contact the EMS medical director and obtain further instructions. B. remain in the rehabilitation area until he or she is assigned a task. C. locate the medical staging officer to obtain his or her assignment. D. begin triaging patients and start treating the most critical ones.
C.
Continual reassessment of the scene at a suspected terrorist or WMD incident is MOST important because:
A. a secondary explosive device may detonate.
B. terrorists are often at the scene after an attack.
C. weather conditions may change quickly.
D. bystanders may destroy the evidence.
A.
Points of distribution (PODs) are strategically placed facilities where:
A. chemical weapons are manufactured and distributed. B. chemical and biologic weapons are stockpiled. C. antidotes, antibiotics, and vaccines are distributed. D. weapons of mass destruction are distributed.
C.
Multiple people in a small town began experiencing abdominal cramps, excessive salivation and urination, and muscle twitching shortly after a small crop duster plane made several passes over the community. As you are assessing the patients, you further determine that most of them are bradycardic and have miosis. In addition to 100% oxygen, the MOST important treatment for these patients includes:
A. activated charcoal and glucose. B. epinephrine and hyperbaric oxygen. C. amyl nitrate and naloxone. D. atropine and pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM).
D.
The LEAST harmful form of ionizing radiation is:
A. beta. B. gamma. C. neutron. D. alpha.
D.
Pulmonary hemorrhage and inner ear damage are examples of __________ blast injuries.
A. secondary B. miscellaneous C. tertiary D. primary
D.
The Centennial Park bombing during the 1996 Summer Olympics is an example of:
A. apocalyptic violence. B. domestic terrorism. C. state-sponsored terrorism. D. an ecoterrorist attack.
B.
The primary route of exposure of vesicant agents is the:
A. nervous system. B. vascular system. C. skin. D. respiratory tract.
C.
According to the Department of Homeland Security Security Advisory System, the color orange indicates a _______ risk of terrorist attacks.
A. general B. high C. low D. severe
B.
As you and your partner report for duty, you check your ambulance and begin talking about the possibility of a terrorist attack. The MOST effective and appropriate way to determine the likelihood of this happening is to:
A. know the current threat level issued by the Department of Homeland Security. B. ask your immediate supervisor if he or she has been watching the local news. C. check with local businesses to see if they have received any terrorist threats. D. ascertain the current situation overseas with regard to the number of casualties.
A.
Which of the following terrorist groups poses the LEAST threat to a person’s physical safety?
A. single-issue groups B. doomsday cults C. extremist political groups D. technology terrorists
D.
You and your partner arrive at the scene of a fire at a large office complex. Witnesses tell you that they heard a loud explosion shortly before the building caught fire. You should:
A. carefully document the witnesses' statements and report them immediately. B. tell the witnesses that you suspect that the explosion was the work of a terrorist. C. take standard precautions and begin searching for critically injured patients. D. ensure that your ambulance is parked upwind and uphill from the building
D.
Symptoms of both inhaled and ingested ricin include:
A. dehydration and convulsions. B. liver necrosis and diarrhea. C. joint pain and bradycardia. D. fever and headache.
D.
In determining the potential for a terrorist attack, you should routinely observe all of the following on every call, EXCEPT:
A. the type of call. B. the location type. C. weather conditions. D. victim's statements.
C.
