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EMT section 9 > Ch. 38 > Flashcards

Ch. 38 Flashcards

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1
Q

In order to accomplish the goal of primary triage, it is important to:

 A. take no more than 2 minutes to determine the patient's status.	
 B. begin life-saving care immediately upon detecting critical injuries.	
 C. perform a rapid assessment on all patients who appear to be unstable.	
 D. keep the triage assessment brief and the patient categories basic.
A

D.

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2
Q

Historically, the weak point at most major incidents has been:

 A. lack of personnel.	
 B. incident briefing.	
 C. accountability.	
 D. communication.
A

D.

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3
Q

The ____________ supervisor is responsible for notifying area hospitals and determining their availability and capabilities.

 A. treatment	
 B. triage	
 C. medical	
 D. transportation
A

D.

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4
Q

Which of the following statements regarding hazardous materials is correct?

 A. Most hazardous materials are odorless and colorless, even when a substantial leak or spill has occurred.	
 B. Some substances are not hazardous by themselves, but become toxic when mixed with another chemical.	
 C. A package or truck need only contain small quantities of a hazardous chemical before it must bear a placard or label.	
 D. Identifying the presence of a hazardous material is generally very easy because of the consistent use of placards.
A

B.

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5
Q

Which of the following duties or responsibilities does NOT fall within the realm of the medical branch of the ICS?

 A. treatment	
 B. transport	
 C. triage	
 D. extrication
A

D.

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6
Q

Which of the following statements regarding transport of patients from a mass-casualty incident or disaster site is correct?

 A. Walking wounded patients should be taken to the closest hospitals.	
 B. Immediate-priority patients should be transported two at a time.	
 C. Delayed-priority patients should be transported five at a time.	
 D. Patients who are in cardiac arrest should clearly be transported first.
A

B.

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7
Q

Which of your senses can be safely used to identify a HazMat incident?

 A. sight and sound	
 B. sound and smell	
 C. smell and sight	
 D. sight and touch
A

A.

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8
Q

Following proper decontamination, a 30-year-old male is brought to you. He is semiconscious and has rapid, shallow respirations. A quick visual assessment reveals no obvious bleeding. You should:

 A. administer 100% oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.	
 B. begin some form of positive-pressure ventilation.	
 C. perform a rapid assessment to locate critical injuries.	
 D. ask a fire fighter what the patient was exposed to.
A

B.

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9
Q

A Level 4 hazardous material:

 A. requires specialized gear designed for protection against that particular hazard.	
 B. is mildly toxic but still requires the use of a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).	
 C. requires protective gear to ensure that no part of the skin's surface is exposed.	
 D. causes temporary damage or injury unless prompt medical care is provided.
A

A.

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10
Q

You are approaching an overturned tanker truck to assess the driver, who appears to be unconscious. As you get closer to the vehicle, you note the smell of noxious fumes and find that you are in the midst of a vapor cloud. What should you do?

 A. Cover your face with your shirt and quickly extricate the injured driver.	
 B. Realize that you are in the danger zone and prevent others from entering.	
 C. Exit the area immediately and gather information for the HazMat team.	
 D. Remain where you are and perform a visual assessment of the patient.
A

C.

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11
Q

Which of the following statements regarding storage containers and hazardous materials is correct?

 A. Red phosphorus from a drug laboratory is found in a blue container that is clearly labeled.	
 B. Steel utility drums are used to contain acids, bases, and other corrosive chemicals and substances.	
 C. The Emergency Response Guidebook tells you the type and color of container used to store hazardous materials.	
 D. In most cases, there is no correlation between the color of the container and the possible contents.
A

D.

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12
Q

According to the START triage system, which of the following patients should be triaged as an immediate priority (red tag)?

 A. conscious with a respiratory rate of 24 breaths/min	
 B. conscious, in severe pain, with radial pulses present	
 C. unresponsive with a respiratory rate of 34 breaths/min	
 D. apneic, despite manually opening the airway
A

C.

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13
Q

You have a critically injured patient in the back of your ambulance, ready to be transported. There are other injured patients at the scene and it will be approximately 10 minutes before other ambulances will arrive. Law enforcement personnel are at the scene. You should:

 A. assign the least injured patient the task of caring for the others.	
 B. remain at the scene until at least one other ambulance arrives.	
 C. direct a police officer to monitor the patients as you transport.	
 D. transport the critically injured patient to a trauma center.
A

B.

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14
Q

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the treatment supervisor?

 A. patient packaging	
 B. secondary triage	
 C. communication with the medical branch director	
 D. primary assessment
A

D.

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15
Q

The __________ area is where incoming ambulances meet and await further instructions at the scene of a mass-casualty incident.

 A. staging	
 B. triage	
 C. support	
 D. transportation
A

A.

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16
Q

According to the JumpSTART triage system, infants or children not developed enough to walk or follow commands, including children with special needs:

 A. are treated immediately in the primary triage area and then transported.	
 B. are the first to be transported, regardless of the severity of their injuries.	
 C. are initially triaged on the basis of whether or not they have distal pulses.	
 D. should be taken to the treatment area for immediate secondary triage.
A

D.

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17
Q

The FIRST step in the START triage system is to:

 A. focus on the patients who are unconscious.	
 B. move all walking patients to a designated area.	
 C. get a quick head count of all the patients involved.	
 D. scan the area for patients with severe bleeding.
A

B.

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18
Q

In preparing for a disaster, EMS systems should have enough supplies for at least a ______ period of self-sufficiency.

 A. 48-hour	
 B. 72-hour	
 C. 96-hour	
 D. 24-hour
A

B.

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19
Q

During a HazMat incident, you are working in the treatment area. As patients are removed from the danger zone, you should:

 A. retrieve patients from the decontamination area and begin treatment.	
 B. perform a rapid assessment and then have them decontaminated.	
 C. quickly decontaminate the patients and begin assessing them.	
 D. remain where you are and have the patients brought to you.
A

D.

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20
Q

The process of removing or neutralizing and properly disposing of a hazardous material is called:

 A. chemical containment.	
 B. antidotal treatment.	
 C. neutralization.	
 D. decontamination.
A

D.

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21
Q

Upon arriving at the scene of a possible hazardous materials (HazMat) incident involving several patients, you should:

 A. retrieve all critical patients.	
 B. rope off the entire perimeter.	
 C. carefully assess the situation.	
 D. divert traffic away from the scene.
A

C.

22
Q

Unlike a mass-casualty incident, a natural disaster:

 A. exists when there are more than 100 critically injured patients.	
 B. is typically short-lived and does not require as much manpower.	
 C. often requires personnel to remain on scene for several days.	
 D. usually does not require the ICS process.
A

C.

23
Q

A carboy is a container that would MOST likely be used to store and transport:

 A. corrosives.	
 B. flammable liquids.	
 C. combustible materials.	
 D. explosives.
A

A.

24
Q

A 49-year-old man has been removed from his overturned tanker, which was carrying a hazardous material. The tank ruptured and he was exposed to the material. When rescue personnel bring him to the decontamination area, they note that he is unconscious and has slow, shallow breathing. They should:

 A. decontaminate the patient as they would any other patient and then move him to the area where EMTs are waiting.	
 B. defer the decontamination procedure and bring the patient directly to awaiting EMS personnel for immediate treatment.	
 C. request that EMS personnel don standard precautions, enter the warm zone, and begin immediate treatment of the patient.	
 D. cut away all of the patient's clothing and do a rapid rinse to remove as much of the contaminating matter as they can.
A

D.

25
Q

You and your partner are the first to arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle accident. As you approach the scene, you can see multiple patients, some walking and others who are still in their vehicles. You should:

 A. declare a mass-casualty incident and request additional resources.	
 B. immediately move all ambulatory patients to a designated area.	
 C. establish an incident command post until you are relieved of your duties.	
 D. begin rapidly triaging all patients before requesting additional help.
A

A.

26
Q

You are triaging patients at the scene of a multiple vehicle crash when you encounter a young male who is unresponsive and is not breathing. After you open his airway, he begins to breathe at a rapid rate. According to the START triage system, you should:

 A. tag him as immediate (red), place him in the recovery position, and move to the next patient.	
 B. move him to the treatment area so he can receive a more comprehensive assessment of his status.	
 C. move to the other patients, but reassess him in 5 minutes to determine if he is still breathing.	
 D. assist his ventilations with a bag-mask device and perform a rapid scan of his entire body.
A

A.

27
Q

Burn patients without airway compromise and patients with multiple bone or joint injuries should be marked with a __________ triage at a mass-casualty incident.

 A. black	
 B. green	
 C. red	
 D. yellow
A

D.

28
Q

Which of the following chemicals requires identification with a placard, regardless of how many pounds the shipment weighs?

 A. flammable liquids	
 B. nonflammable gases	
 C. air-reactive solids	
 D. water-reactive solids
A

D.

29
Q

Which of the following statements regarding communications at a disaster or mass-casualty incident is correct?

 A. When possible, all communication should occur via two-way radio.	
 B. If possible, use face-to-face communications to minimize radio traffic.	
 C. Ten-codes or signals should be used when communicating via radio.	
 D. Each command group should utilize a separate radio frequency.
A

B.

30
Q

According to the JumpSTART triage system, if a pediatric patient has a respiratory rate of 40 breaths/min, you should:

 A. look for posturing.	
 B. assign an immediate category.	
 C. assess neurologic status.	
 D. assess for a distal pulse.
A

D.

31
Q

You and your partner arrive at the scene where a truck has crashed into a small building, injuring eight people. You immediately request additional ambulances and begin the triage process. The first patient that you triage is a young female who is unconscious and apneic. She has an open head injury and her pulse is weak and thready. You should:

 A. assign her a low priority and continue triaging.	
 B. assess the severity of her open head injury.	
 C. begin ventilating her with a bag-mask device.	
 D. place a red tag on her and continue triaging.
A

A.

32
Q

Your work uniform is an example of what level of protection?

 A. Level D protection	
 B. Level C protection	
 C. Level B protection	
 D. Level A protection
A

A.

33
Q

At a very large incident, the __________ section is responsible for managing the tactical operations usually handled by the IC on routine EMS calls.

 A. finance	
 B. logistics	
 C. planning	
 D. operations
A

D.

34
Q

You are triaging four patients who were involved in a head-on motor vehicle crash. Which of the following patients should be assigned the highest (red) triage category?
A. a 49-year-old female with diabetes and difficulty breathing
B. a 36-year-old female with back pain and numb extremities
C. a 50-year-old male with an open head injury and no pulse
D. a 29-year-old male with bilaterally closed femur deformities

A

A.

35
Q

A patient who has experienced a back injury, with or without spinal cord damage, would be triaged with a __________ tag during a mass-casualty incident.

 A. green	
 B. yellow	
 C. red	
 D. black
A

B.

36
Q

The function of the National Incident Management System (NIMS) is to:

 A. educate city and county governments regarding foreign terrorist attacks.	
 B. prepare for the potential of a nuclear attack against the United States.	
 C. prepare for, prevent, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents.	
 D. facilitate a standard method of incident command for natural disasters.
A

C.

37
Q

Level _____ hazardous materials would cause irritation on contact but only mild residual injury, even without treatment.

 A. 0	
 B. 1	
 C. 3	
 D. 2
A

B.

38
Q

Which of the following is NOT a role of the EMT at the scene of a HazMat incident?

 A. triage and treatment	
 B. rehabilitation	
 C. transportation	
 D. decontamination
A

D.

39
Q

After recognizing that an incident involves a hazardous material, you should contact the hazardous materials team and then:

 A. take measures to ensure the safety of yourself and others.	
 B. don standard equipment before gaining access to any patients.	
 C. identify the chemical using the Emergency Response Guidebook.	
 D. not allow anyone within 25′ to 50′ of the incident scene.
A

A.

40
Q

Which of the following is probably NOT a mass-casualty incident?

 A. a motor vehicle crash with two critically injured patients and two ambulances	
 B. an apartment fire with one patient and the possibility of others trapped in the building	
 C. a loss of power to a hospital or nursing home with ventilator-dependent patients	
 D. a rollover crash of a school bus with eight children who have injuries of various severity
A

A.

41
Q

The MOST appropriate location to park your ambulance at a HazMat incident is:

 A. downwind at least 200′ from the scene.	
 B. uphill at least 25′ from the incident site.	
 C. upwind at least 100′ from the incident.	
 D. downhill at least 100′ from the incident.
A

C.

42
Q

A supervisor who has more than seven people reporting to him or her:

 A. should regularly report to the incident commander (IC) to inform him or her of the functions that his or her team is performing.	
 B. has exceeded an effective span of control and should divide tasks and delegate the supervision of some tasks to another person.	
 C. is more beneficial to the overall effort than a supervisor with fewer personnel because his or her team can accomplish more tasks.	
 D. should assign a specific task to each person reporting to him or her and regularly follow up to ensure that the tasks were carried out.
A

B.

43
Q

A critical function of the safety officer is to:

 A. determine the most efficient approach to extricate a victim.	
 B. monitor emergency responders for signs of stress and anxiety.	
 C. stop an emergency operation whenever a rescuer is in danger.	
 D. brief responders during the demobilization phase of an incident.
A

C.

44
Q

As the first-arriving senior EMT at the scene of an incident, you should perform a scene size-up and then:

 A. begin the triage process.	
 B. call for additional resources.	
 C. establish command.	
 D. quickly identify the walking wounded.
A

C.

45
Q

During a motor vehicle collision involving multiple patients, the IC would MOST likely:

 A. delegate all of the command functions to the appropriate personnel.	
 B. maintain responsibility for all of the command functions.	
 C. designate a safety officer, but retain other command functions.	
 D. relinquish command when a senior EMS provider arrives at the scene.
A

C.

46
Q

According to the START triage system, what should you do if you encounter an unresponsive patient who is not breathing?

 A. Assign the patient in the “immediate” category.	
 B. Triage the patient as “expectant” and move on.	
 C. Ventilate the patient for 2 minutes and reassess.	
 D. Open the airway and reassess breathing status.
A

D.

47
Q

Command functions under the ICS include all of the following, EXCEPT:

 A. liaison officer.	
 B. triage officer.	
 C. public information officer	
 D. safety officer.
A

B.

48
Q

The purpose of the incident command system (ICS) is to:

 A. quickly and efficiently respond to natural disasters and terrorist incidents, regardless of the complexity of the incident.	
 B. protect the public from the effects of large- and small-scale disasters and to minimize the financial impact from such incidents.	
 C. ensure responder and public safety, achieve incident management goals, and ensure the effective use of resources.	
 D. reduce overall mortality and morbidity from large-scale mass-casualty incidents and to restore key infrastructure.
A

C.

49
Q

Interoperability, an important feature of the NIMS, refers to the ability of:

 A. EMS systems and fire departments in the same jurisdiction to effectively work as a team.	
 B. agencies of different types or from different jurisdictions to communicate with each other.	
 C. the federal government to intervene during any large- or small-scale incident involving terrorism.	
 D. county and state law enforcement agencies to acquire information and pass it along to EMS personnel.
A

B.

50
Q

A patient in respiratory arrest at the scene of a mass-casualty incident would typically be classified as a fourth priority (black tag; expectant) patient, unless:

 A. there are at least three other patients in respiratory arrest.	
 B. there are enough resources to provide care for him or her.	
 C. he or she has external signs of severe thoracic trauma.	
 D. he or she has signs of an injury to the cervical spine.
A

B.

EMT section 9 (5 decks)

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