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Pharm 2 > Ch. 39 > Flashcards

Ch. 39 Flashcards

1
Q

Ulcerative colitis has a more abrupt onset; clients experience the sudden need to __, resulting in ___, __ and ___ filled __ or no __ at all

A

Defecate
Severe
Blood and mucus filled diarrhea
Stool

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2
Q

Aminosalicylates are contraindicated in clients who have (3)

A

Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides and sulfites
Intestinal obstruction
Children younger than 2

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3
Q

Aminosalicylate reaction with digoxin

A

Reduced absorption of digoxin

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4
Q

Aminosalicylate administered with oral hypoglycemic drugs reaction

A

Decreased blood glucose level

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5
Q

(2) Antidiarrheals that are chemically related to opioid drugs, which __ intestinal peristalsis, which is often increased when the client has diarrhea

A

Difenoxin (Motofen)
Diphenoxylate (Lomotil)
Decrease

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6
Q

System reactions from antidiarrheals (3)

A

Dizziness
Drowsiness
Headache

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7
Q

Antidiarrheals are contraindicated in __ (1)

A

Children younger than 2

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8
Q

When taking over the counter antidiarrheal drugs, if diarrhea persists for more than __ the client should d/c use and seek treatment from the provider

A

2 days

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9
Q

Interaction of antidiarrheal and a MAOI

A

Increased risk of *hypertensive crisis

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10
Q

Crofelemer dosage

A

PO twice/day
Delayed release, not to be crushed or chewed

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11
Q

Simethicone (Gas-X, Mylicon, Maalox, Mylanta) adverse reactions (4)

A

Bloating
Constipation
Diarrhea
Heartburn

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12
Q

Simethicone uses (1)

A

Postoperative distention

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13
Q

___ most often prescribed for the __relief or prevention of constipation

A

Laxatives
Short term relief

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14
Q

__ or __ is prescribed for the short term relief or prevention of constipation

A

Stool softener
Mineral oil

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15
Q

__ or __ used for after anorectal surgery or an MI

A

Stool softeners
Mineral oil

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16
Q

Type of laxative: not digested by the body, add bulk & water to contents of intestine, added bulk stimulates peristalsis, moves product through intestine & encourages evacuation of stool.

A

Bulk-producing laxatives
Psyllium (Metamucil)
Polycaebonphil (FiberCon)

17
Q

Emollient laxatives ___ the intestinal walls and ___ the stool, thereby enhancing passage of fecal material

A

Lubricate
Soften

18
Q

___ is an emollient laxative

A

Mineral oil

19
Q

Examples of stool softeners: (1)

A

Docusate (Colace)

20
Q

Dehydrate local tissues, which cause irritation and increase peristalsis, which consequent evacuation of the fecal mass.

A

Hypersomolar drugs

21
Q

__ is a hyperosmolar drug

A

Glycerin

22
Q

__ increase peristalsis by direct action on the intestine

A

Irritant or stimulant

23
Q

___ is an example of an irritant laxative or stimulant laxative (2)

A

Senna (Senokot)
Bisacodyl

24
Q

Attract or pull water into the intestine, thereby increasing pressure in the intestine, followed by an increase in peristalsis

A

Saline laxative

25
Q

Example of saline laxative (1)

A

Milk of magnesium (MOM)

26
Q

Prolonged use of a laxative can result in __ _, as well as “__” that is, dependence on a laxative to have a bowel movement

A

Serious electrolyte imbalances
Laxative habit

27
Q

Bulk forming (psyllium, Metamucil) (polycarbonphil, FiberCon) can cause obstruction of the (4) ___ when administered without adequate fluid intake or in clients with ___

A

Esophagus, stomach, small intestine & colon
Intestinal stenosis

28
Q

Laxatives are contraindicated in those with (8)

A

Hypersensitivity
Persistent abdominal pain
Nausea
Vomiting of unknown cause
Signs of acute appendicitis
Fecal impaction
Intestinal obstruction
acute hepatitis

29
Q

Milk, antacids, histamine H2 antagonist and proton pump inhibitors should not be administered ___ before bisacodyl tablets because of enteric coating, resulting in gastric lining irritation or dyspepsia and decreasing the laxative effect of the drug

A

1-2 hrs

30
Q

Laxatives ace cautiously used In clients w (SATA 3)

A

Recital bleeding
Pregnant
During lactation

31
Q

___ may dis color urine; Pink-red, red-violet, red-brown, yellow-brown, or black

A

Senna

32
Q

Aminosaloculates (5-ASA)

A

Mesalamine (Pentasa)-active UC
Balsalazide-Active UC
Olsalazine-maintenance of remission of UC
Sulfasalazine (Azulfindine)- UC adverse reaction: reduced sperm count

33
Q

Antidiarrheals

A

Difenoxin with atropine
Diphenoxylate with atropine (Lotomil)
Loperamide (Imodium)

34
Q

Bulk producing laxatives

A

Methylcellulose (Citrucel)
Psyllium (Metamucil)
Polycarbophil (FiberCon)

35
Q

Stool softeners/surfactants

A

Docusate (Colace)
Uses: relief of constipation, prevention of straining during BM

36
Q

Hyperosmotic agents

A

Lactose
Uses: relief of constipation, hepatic encephalopathy

37
Q

Irritant or stimulant laxatives

A

Bosacodyl (Dulcolax)
Cascara (sagrada)

38
Q

Saline laxatives

A

Magnesium preparations (MOM)

39
Q

Vowel evacuants

A

Polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution (PEG-ES) (GoLytely)

Pharm 2 (7 decks)

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