Ch. 39

Question 1

Ulcerative colitis has a more abrupt onset; clients experience the sudden need to __, resulting in ___, __ and ___ filled __ or no __ at all

Answer 1

Defecate
Severe
Blood and mucus filled diarrhea
Stool

Question 2

Aminosalicylates are contraindicated in clients who have (3)

Answer 2

Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides and sulfites
Intestinal obstruction
Children younger than 2

Question 3

Aminosalicylate reaction with digoxin

Answer 3

Reduced absorption of digoxin

Question 4

Aminosalicylate administered with oral hypoglycemic drugs reaction

Answer 4

Decreased blood glucose level

Question 5

(2) Antidiarrheals that are chemically related to opioid drugs, which __ intestinal peristalsis, which is often increased when the client has diarrhea

Answer 5

Difenoxin (Motofen)
Diphenoxylate (Lomotil)
Decrease

Question 6

System reactions from antidiarrheals (3)

Answer 6

Dizziness
Drowsiness
Headache

Question 7

Antidiarrheals are contraindicated in __ (1)

Answer 7

Children younger than 2

Question 8

When taking over the counter antidiarrheal drugs, if diarrhea persists for more than __ the client should d/c use and seek treatment from the provider

Answer 8

2 days

Question 9

Interaction of antidiarrheal and a MAOI

Answer 9

Increased risk of *hypertensive crisis

Question 10

Crofelemer dosage

Answer 10

PO twice/day
Delayed release, not to be crushed or chewed

Question 11

Simethicone (Gas-X, Mylicon, Maalox, Mylanta) adverse reactions (4)

Answer 11

Bloating
Constipation
Diarrhea
Heartburn

Question 12

Simethicone uses (1)

Answer 12

Postoperative distention

Question 13

___ most often prescribed for the __relief or prevention of constipation

Answer 13

Laxatives
Short term relief

Question 14

__ or __ is prescribed for the short term relief or prevention of constipation

Answer 14

Stool softener
Mineral oil

Question 15

__ or __ used for after anorectal surgery or an MI

Answer 15

Stool softeners
Mineral oil

Question 16

Type of laxative: not digested by the body, add bulk & water to contents of intestine, added bulk stimulates peristalsis, moves product through intestine & encourages evacuation of stool.

Answer 16

Bulk-producing laxatives
Psyllium (Metamucil)
Polycaebonphil (FiberCon)

Question 17

Emollient laxatives ___ the intestinal walls and ___ the stool, thereby enhancing passage of fecal material

Answer 17

Lubricate
Soften

Question 18

___ is an emollient laxative

Answer 18

Mineral oil

Question 19

Examples of stool softeners: (1)

Answer 19

Docusate (Colace)

Question 20

Dehydrate local tissues, which cause irritation and increase peristalsis, which consequent evacuation of the fecal mass.

Answer 20

Hypersomolar drugs

Question 21

__ is a hyperosmolar drug

Answer 21

Glycerin

Question 22

__ increase peristalsis by direct action on the intestine

Answer 22

Irritant or stimulant

Question 23

___ is an example of an irritant laxative or stimulant laxative (2)

Answer 23

Senna (Senokot)
Bisacodyl

Question 24

Attract or pull water into the intestine, thereby increasing pressure in the intestine, followed by an increase in peristalsis

Answer 24

Saline laxative

Question 25

Example of saline laxative (1)

Answer 25

Milk of magnesium (MOM)

Question 26

Prolonged use of a laxative can result in __ _, as well as “__” that is, dependence on a laxative to have a bowel movement

Answer 26

Serious electrolyte imbalances Laxative habit

Question 27

Bulk forming (psyllium, Metamucil) (polycarbonphil, FiberCon) can cause obstruction of the (4) ___ when administered without adequate fluid intake or in clients with ___

Answer 27

Esophagus, stomach, small intestine & colon Intestinal stenosis

Question 28

Laxatives are contraindicated in those with (8)

Answer 28

Hypersensitivity Persistent abdominal pain Nausea Vomiting of unknown cause Signs of acute appendicitis Fecal impaction Intestinal obstruction acute hepatitis

Question 29

Milk, antacids, histamine H2 antagonist and proton pump inhibitors should not be administered ___ before bisacodyl tablets because of enteric coating, resulting in gastric lining irritation or dyspepsia and decreasing the laxative effect of the drug

Answer 29

1-2 hrs

Question 30

Laxatives ace cautiously used In clients w (SATA 3)

Answer 30

Recital bleeding Pregnant During lactation

Question 31

___ may dis color urine; Pink-red, red-violet, red-brown, yellow-brown, or black

Answer 31

Senna

Question 32

Aminosaloculates (5-ASA)

Answer 32

Mesalamine (Pentasa)-active UC Balsalazide-Active UC Olsalazine-maintenance of remission of UC Sulfasalazine (Azulfindine)- UC adverse reaction: reduced sperm count

Question 33

Antidiarrheals

Answer 33

Difenoxin with atropine Diphenoxylate with atropine (Lotomil) Loperamide (Imodium)

Question 34

Bulk producing laxatives

Answer 34

Methylcellulose (Citrucel) Psyllium (Metamucil) Polycarbophil (FiberCon)

Question 35

Stool softeners/surfactants

Answer 35

Docusate (Colace) Uses: relief of constipation, prevention of straining during BM

Question 36

Hyperosmotic agents

Answer 36

Lactose Uses: relief of constipation, hepatic encephalopathy

Question 37

Irritant or stimulant laxatives

Answer 37

Bosacodyl (Dulcolax) Cascara (sagrada)

Question 38

Saline laxatives

Answer 38

Magnesium preparations (MOM)

Question 39

Vowel evacuants

Answer 39

Polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution (PEG-ES) (GoLytely)