Ch 36 - RNA Synthesis, Processing, And Modification

Question 1

2 major classes of RNA

Answer 1

Protein coding RNA (mRNA) and nonprotein coding RNAs

Question 2

Rna involves in mRNA splicing

Answer 2

snRNA

Question 3

Rna that acts in Modulation of gene expression by altering mRNA function

Answer 3

miRNA and siRNA

Question 4

The strand that is transcribed or copied into an RNA molecule

Answer 4

Template strand

Question 5

Information in the template strand is read in what direction

Answer 5

3’-5’ direction

Question 6

Enzyme responsible for the polymerization of ribonucleotides into a sequence complementary to the template strand

Answer 6

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP)

Question 7

Region of the DNA that includes the signals for transcription, initiation, elongation, and termination

Answer 7

Transcription unit

Question 8

Corresponds to the 5’ nucleotide of the mRNA

Answer 8

Transcription start site

Question 9

Primary transcripts generated by RNA polymerase II are promptly modified by the addition of 7-methylguanosine caps on what end?

Answer 9

5’ end of the mature mRNA

Question 10

In bacteria,

this subunit enables the core enzymes ro bind the promoter region to form the preinitiation complex (PIC)

Answer 10

sigma [σ] factor

Question 11

Blocks the translocation of RNA polymerase during phosphodiester bond formation

Answer 11

α-amanitin

Question 12

In bacteria,
Process where RNAP catalyzes the formation of the first phosphodiesters bond, and the nascent chain is attached to the polymerization site on the β subunit

Answer 12

Initiation

Question 13

Polymerase moves away from the promoter

Answer 13

Promoter clearance

Question 14

Phase where rhe nascent RNA molecule grows 5’-3’ as consecutive NTP is added

Answer 14

Elongation phase

Question 15

Released following each cycle of polymerization

Answer 15

Pyrophosphate (PP)

Question 16

Required to mediate transcription termination

Answer 16

rho (ρ) factor

Question 17

TATA box in eukaryotes is usually located in…

Answer 17

25- to 30-bp upstream from the TSS

Question 18

When there is a lack of a consensus TATA box,

Answer 18

The initiator sequence (inr) or the DOE direct th pe RNA polymerase II

Question 19

Class od sequence elements that also increase or decrease the rate of transcription in eukaryotes

Answer 19

Enhancers or repressors (silencers)

Question 20

mRNA 3’ end dormation depends on this special structure on the C terminus of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II

Answer 20

Carboxy terminal domain

Question 21

In eukaryotes, RNA polymerases require other proteins to discriminate bet promoter and non promoter sequences. What proteins?

Answer 21

General transcription factors

Question 22

Bridge bet enhance DNA bound activator proteins and the transcription machinery

Answer 22

Coactivatirs or coregulators

Question 23

Contribute importantly to gene transcription control

Answer 23

Epigenetic code of DNA, histone and protein modifications