CH 36 Flashcards
Medication
Substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment, relief, or prevention of disease
Prescription
Written direction for the preparation and administration of a drug
Generic Name
The name assigned by the US adopted names council to the manufacturer who first developed the drug
Chemical Name
Describes the constituents of the drugs or the drugs chemical formula
Trade or Brand Name
Name given by the drug manufacturer (proprietary name)
Who is responsible for dispensing medication?
The pharmacist
How do pharmacists dispense drugs?
Directly to clients or to a person who will administer the drug
Patient Bill of Rights
-Be informed
-Refuse
-Have qualified person assess Hx
-Complete Information
-Receive labeled meds Safely
-Receive appropriate therapy w/ drug therapy
-Not given unnecessary meds
Routes of administration:
-Oral
-Enteral
-Sublingual
-Buccal
-Parenteral
-Topical
-Mucosal
Oral Admin
Most common - safest, least expensive, most convenient.
What are disadvantages of oral admin?
Can taste unpleasant
Choking
Irritate GI mucosa
Harm teeth
acts slowly compared to other routes
NG
Nasogastral
PEG Tube
Endoscopy dept places tube percutanously through gastro wall
G Tube
surgically placed tube through gastro wall
Enteral
Delivery of drug through a gastro tube
Sublingual
Drug placed under the tongue, where it dissolves. Absorbed by blood vessels under tongue
Buccal
Med held in mouth against cheek until it dissolves
Parenteral Routes
Subcut
IM
Intradermal
IV
Less Common Parenteral Routes
Intra-Arterial
Intra-cardiac
Intra-osseous
Intra-thecal
Topical
Dermatologic Prep is applied to skin
Instillations and irrigations is applied into body cavities or orifices
Transdermal is administered slowly through the skin via patch
Mucosal
Absorbed through mucosa
-rectum
-vagina
-eye
-ear
-inhaled into lung/bronchi
Who can order medications in OH?
Physician, NP (nurse practitioner) and PA (physician’s assistant)
How can medications can be ordered?
Can be on telephone or verbal, but usually written
Tablet
Made of powered ingredients compressed into various sizes and shapes. Most common form of oral med.
Enteric-coated
Has outer coating that does not dissolve until med reaches the intestines.
Sustained-Release
Designed to slow the absorption of the drug
STAT
Immediately (within 15 min)
Which oral meds are not to be crushed ever?
Enteric-Coated or Sustained-Released
ODT
Orally Disintegrating Tablet
Capsule
Gelatin shell containing a powder or pellets of medication.
Now Order
Have 90 min to give - Only for admin once
What HAS to be on a drug order?
Clients FULL NAME & hospital number
Date and Time
Name of Drug (clearly written)
Dose of drug
Route of admin
Frequency of admin
Physician Signature
Liquid Medications
syrups
elixirs
solutions
suspensions
Which type of liquid medication needs shaken before administering?
Suspension should always be shaken
What are the 5 rights for accurate drug admin?
Right Drug
Right Dose
Right Time
Right Route
Right Patient
How long does the state give you to give med?
30 min if med is due at 8 you can give between 7:30-8:30
Narcotics
Medications that are made with opium or opium derivatives that control and relieve pain.
If you do not admin a drug how do you mark it in the MAR?
Inital then circle around them - then notate on nursing note
Transdermal route
Method of applying a drug to the skin using a patch
Vaginal Route
Come in form of suppositories, creams, aerosol foams, or tablets that are inserted into the vagina and dissolve there.
Rectal Route
Usually suppository or enema form. Possible to be ointment or cream form. Inserted directly into the rectum.
Respiratory Route
Dispersed in fine droplets and inhaled into the lungs and bronchial airways, usually through inhalers or nebulizers
MDI
Meter Dosed Inhaler
Meter Dosed Inhaler
Pressurized Medication dispenser that spray a pre-measured amount of drug into the lungs
