Ch. 35 Pain Management Flashcards
Pain is…
- often the primary reason patients seek healthcare
- whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever he says it does
- an individual phenomenon that is subjective in nature
- all of the above
- all of the above
Critical domains of pain management include all except:
- Prioritize objective data over patient subjective report of pain
- assess systematically
- deliver interventions in a coordinated way
- reassessment treatment regularly
- Prioritize objective data over patient subjective report of pain
Which phenomenon is exhibited when larger doses of an opioid drug are required to produce the desired effect?
- dependance
- addiction
- tolerance
- withdrawal
?
In preparing a care plan for a patient receiving opioid analgesics, the nurse selects which of the following as an applicable nursing diagnosis associated with side effects of opioid use?
- diarrhea
- bowel incontinence
- constipation
- impaired urinary elimination
- constipation
What are pain pathways and processes?
- Transduction
- Transmission
- Perception
- Modulation
What are types of pain?
- Acute
- Persistent/chronic
- Cancer
- Nociceptive
- Neuropathic
What are domain affecting pain perception?
- Affective (emotions)
- Behavioral (response)
- Cognitive (meaning)
What are the two categories of manifestations of pain?
- Physiological
- Behavioral
What techniques can help you physically asses for pain?
- Inspection
- Palpation
What are the critical domains for successful pain management? (ABCDE)
A: Ask regularly, assess systematically
B: Believe pt’s self report
C: Choose treatment options based on comprehensive assessments
D: Deliver interventions in a coordinated way
E: Evaluate treatment effectiveness by reassessment
What are nonpharmacological nursing interventions for pain?
- Basic comfort measures
- Cutaneous stimulation
- Cognitive and behavioral strategies
What are pharmacologic interventions for pain?
- Nonopioid analgesics
- Opioid analgesics
- Adjuvant analgesics
- Adjuvants
What are nonopijoid analgesics?
Acetaminophen (APAP) and NSAIDs
What are opioid analgesics?
Opioid antagonists and agonists
What are adjuvant analgesics?
Drugs with only secondary indications for pain
What are adjuvants?
Drugs that treat related symptoms that may exacerbate pain
What are adverse effects of analgesics?
- GI and renal side effects
- Sedation
- Respiratory depression
Nonopioids have a limit amount that can be taken each day called what?
Analgesic ceiling
APAP may cause what?
- liver toxicity
- do not take more than 4 g in 24 hours
What are benefits of taking NSAIDs?
- Inhibits prostaglandin production which protects the stomach and kidneys
- Inhibits platelet aggregation
What is a PCA pump?
Patient-controlled analgesia:
Allows patient to self-administer drugs by a variety of routes.
What routes can a PCA pump be used?
- Subcutaneously
- Intravenously
- Epidurally
How should evaluation of adverse effects of opioid administration be done?
- Oxygen saturation monitoring
- Ventilation monitoring ( EtCO2/ Capnography)
