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Foundations Exam 3 > Ch. 32 Urinary Elimination > Flashcards

Ch. 32 Urinary Elimination Flashcards

1
Q

What are therein functions of the urinary system?

A
  • Urine formation through filtration, reabsorption, and secretion
  • Urine excretion
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2
Q

What characteristics do we use to assess urine?

A
  • Volume
  • Color
  • Clarity
  • Odor
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3
Q

What is the normal volume of urine?

A

250 to 400mL per void in adults

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4
Q

What is the normal color of urine?

A

light yellow (straw) to amber

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5
Q

What is the normal clarity of urine?

A

Freshly voided urine is clear without sediment

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6
Q

What is normal odor of urine?

A

Aromatic

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7
Q

What are normal voiding patterns?

A
  • adults void 6-8 times daily
  • pattern: in the morning, with 1 hr of a meal, before bed
  • fluid intake alters voiding patterns
  • total urine out in 24hrs is 1200-1500
  • 200-500mL per void
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8
Q

What are alterations in voiding patterns?

A
  • Dysuria
  • Polyuria
  • Oliguria
  • Urgency
  • Frequency
  • Nocturia
  • Hematuria
  • Pyuria
  • Urinary retention
  • Urinary incontinence
  • Enuresis
  • Urinary diversion
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9
Q

What is dysuria?

A

discomfort when urinating

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10
Q

What is polyuria?

A

excessive urination

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11
Q

What is oliguria?

A

low urine output

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12
Q

What is urgency?

A

sudden, compelling urge to urinate

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13
Q

What is frequency?

A

frequent urination

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14
Q

What is nocturia?

A

frequent urination at night

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15
Q

What is hematuria?

A

blood in urine

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16
Q

What is pyuria?

A

pus in urine

17
Q

What is urinary retention?

A

difficulty urinating and completely emptying the bladder

18
Q

What is urinary incontinence?

A

loss of bladder control

  • stress incontinence
  • urge incontinence
  • reflex incontinence
  • functional incontinence
  • total incontinence
19
Q

What is enuresis?

A

night time loss of bladder control/bedwetting

20
Q

What is urinary diversion?

A

surgical procedures used to reroute urine flow from its normal pathway

21
Q

Polyuria is best described as?

  1. The formation and excretion of decreased amounts of urine, or urinary output less than 500mL in 24 hours
  2. The formation and excretion of excessive amounts of urine in absence of a concurrent increase in fluid intake
  3. Painful voiding
  4. Voiding during normal sleep hours
A
  1. The formation and excretion of excessive amounts of urine in absence of concurrent increase in fluid intake
22
Q

What physical assessment components are used in assessing the urinary system?

A
  • Inspection
  • Palpation
  • Bladder scan
23
Q

Reagent strips (dipsticks) are most commonly used to test urine for?

  1. BUN and creatinine
  2. Sodium and Potassium
  3. Glucose, Protein, and Ketones
  4. Estrogen
A
  1. Glucose, Protein, and Ketones
24
Q

What are things that can be done to promote voiding?

A
  • Provide privacy
  • Offer assistance
  • encourage voiding every 4 hours
  • provide pain meds and other comfort measures
  • help pt. to comfortable/physiological position
25
Q

Is monitoring critically or acutely ill patients when accurate assessment of urinary output is necessary an indication for a indwelling catheter?

A

Yes

26
Q

Is management of terminally ill or severely ill patients an indication for a indwelling catheter?

A

Yes

27
Q

Is urinary retention that is not manageable by intermittent catheterization or other means an indication for an indwelling catheter?

A

Yes

28
Q

Is management of urinary incontinence in patients with stage III or stage IV pressure ulcers on the trunk an in indication for an indwelling catheter?

A

Yes

29
Q

What types of indwelling catheters are there?

A

Foley
Coude
Three-way

30
Q

Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) are (select all that apply):

  1. an avoidable complication that occurs with the use of indwelling urinary catheters
  2. an expected outcome of urinary catheters
  3. classified as a “Never Event”
  4. expensive to treat and will cost the hospital system thousands of dollars
A

1, 3, 4

Foundations Exam 3 (7 decks)

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