Ch 33 Animal Evolution

Question 1

Precambian Period (3)

Answer 1

Hadean (1st oceans), Archean (1st cells), Proterozoic (prokaryotes and eukaryotic activity)

Question 2

542 mya

Answer 2

Cambrian Explosion=diversity

More multicellular organisms rise

Question 3

Choanoflagellates

Answer 3

1st animals-closest related to protists

Question 4

Sponges Characteristics (4) (closely related to Choanoflagellates)

Answer 4

Simple body plan
Identify type of sponge by Spicules
Asymmetrical-no even pieces
Eat on particles in water

Question 5

Similar Characteristics of all animals (3)

Answer 5

1) Multicellular-no cell walls
2) Heterotrophic-eat other things, not photosynthetic
3) Motile

Question 6

Edicura Fossils (565-542 mya) (3 characteristics)

Answer 6

small, soft bodies
burrowed or floating
jellyfish, comb jellies, etc

Question 7

Cambrian Explosion

Answer 7

platform of all diversification of animals

Question 8

Why did the cambrian explosion occur? (4)

Answer 8

1) Increased oxygen-greater metabolic activity, evolution of the eye
2) Predator/prey-predation
3) Climate/Temp-niche/specialization
4) New genes-mutations allow for new, larger bodies

Question 9

Niche

Answer 9

set of environmental conditions allow for species to live

Question 10

5 Extinction Events

Answer 10

ordovician, devonian, permian, triassic, cretaceous

Question 11

Diploblasty

Answer 11

2 layers-endo/ectoderm

Question 12

Triploblasty

Answer 12

3 layers-Endo/Meso/Ectoderm

Question 13

Endoderm

Answer 13

digestive

Question 14

Ectoderm

Answer 14

Skin

Question 15

Mesoderm

Answer 15

Organs

Question 16

Radically Symmetric

Answer 16

two or more planes of symmetry

Question 17

Bilateral

Answer 17

most animals-one plane of symmetry

Question 18

2 sets of genes determine bilaterian symmetry

Answer 18

Homeobox and Decapentaplegic

Question 19

Homeobox Gene

Answer 19

Anterior/Posterior (front to back)

Question 20

Decapentaplegic Gene

Answer 20

Dorsal/Ventral (up to down axis)

Question 21

Major characteristic change from plants to animals?

Answer 21

nervous system

Question 22

two parts of the nervous system

Answer 22

Central Nervous System (head) and Sensory Organs (touch, hear, smell, temperature)

Question 23

The Coelom “tube within a tube”

Answer 23

Organ movement/nutrient circulation

Movement without limbs (worms)

Question 24

Protostomes Definition

Answer 24

Insects-bilaterally symmetric

Question 25

Deutorostomes

Answer 25

Animals-bilaterally symmetric

Question 26

Protostomes Characteristics (3)

Answer 26

1)Mouth first, anus last 2) blocks of mesoderm break create coelum 3)mollusks, worms, arthropods

Question 27

Deuterostomes Characteristics (3)

Answer 27

1) Ass first 2)Mesoderm pinch off create coelum 3)Chordates