Ch. 32: Infinitive Flashcards

1
Q

What is the present infinitive of εἰμί?

A

εἶναι (to be)

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2
Q

What are the Present Active, Middle, and Passive infinitive endings?

A

Act: ειν
M: εσθαι
P: εσθαι

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3
Q

What are the FIRST Aorist Active, Middle, and Passive infinitive endings?

A

Act: σαι
M: σασθαι
P: θῆναι

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4
Q

What are the SECOND Aorist Active, Middle, and Passive infinitive endings?

A

Act: εῖν
M: εσθαι
P: ῆναι

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5
Q

What are the Perfect Active, Middle, and Passive infinitive endings?

A

Act: κέναι
M: σθαι
P: σθαι

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6
Q

All infinitives except the [tense#1] and [tense#2] [voice] end in what ending?

A

All but the [PRESENT] and [SECOND AORIST] [ACTIVE] end in αι.

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7
Q

The present (continuous) infinitive is built on which stem?

A

present tense stem

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8
Q

The aorist (undefined) infinitive is built on which stem?

A

aorist tense stem (without augment)

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9
Q

The perfect (completed) infinitive is built on which stem?

A

perfect tense stem.

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10
Q

What are the three “articular infinitive and preposition” grammatical constructions in the “Reason/Purpose” category?

A
  1. διά (accusative) meaning ‘because’ (ind. reason)
    Example: διά τό βλέπειν αὐτόν: Because he sees.
  2. εἰς (accusative) meaning ‘in order that’ (ind. purpose)
    Example: εἰς τό βλέπειν αὐτόν: In order that he sees.
  3. πρός (accusative) meaning ‘in order that’ (ind. purpose)
    Example: πρός τό βλέπειν αὐτόν: In order that he sees.
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11
Q

What are the five ways one can translate/use the infinitive?

A
  1. Substantive (articular infinitive. preceded by definite article)
  2. Complementary infinitive
  3. Articular infinitive and preposition
  4. Purpose
  5. Result
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12
Q

What are the two categories that categorize the “articular infinitive and preposition” grammatical constructions?

A
  1. Reason/Purpose

2. Temporal

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13
Q

What are the three “articular infinitive and preposition” grammatical constructions in the “Temporal” category?

A
  1. πρό (genitive) meaning ‘before’ (ind. time)
    Example: πρό τοῦ βλέπειν αὐτόν: Before he sees.
  2. ἐν (dative) meaning ‘when/while’ (ind. time)
    Example: ἐν τῷ βλέπειν αὐτόν: When he sees.
  3. μετά (accusative) meaning ‘after’ (ind. time)
    Example: μετά τό βλέπειν αὐτόν: After he sees.
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14
Q

What are three ways the infinitive can function to express purpose, “in order that”?

A
  1. εἰς / πρός with an articular infinitive.
  2. Articular infinitive with the definite article in the genitive (no preposition) (τοῦ)
  3. Infinitive by itself (no prep or art)
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15
Q

What construction can be used to indicate the result of some action?

A

ὥστε followed by an infinitive.

Example: ἔπλησαν ἀμφότερα τά πλοῖα ὥστε βυθίζεσθαι αὐτά (Lk 5:7)
They filled both boats so full THAT they BEGAN TO SINK.

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16
Q

What is are the three important notes about what the infinitive is and its declension?

A
  1. It’s a verbal noun.
  2. Indeclinable / doesn’t change form
  3. Always neuter singular.