Ch 31 Assessment of immune function Flashcards
Agglutination
Clumping affect occurring when an antibody acts as a cross link between two antigens
Antibody
A proteins substance developed by the body in response to and interacting with a specific antigen
Antigen
A substance that induces the production of antibodies
Antigenic determinant
The specific area of an antigen that binds with an antibody combining site and determines the specificity of the antigen antibody reaction
Apoptosis
Program cell death that results from the digestion of deoxyribonucleic acid by end nucleuses
B cells
Cells that are important for producing a humoral immune response
Cellular immune response
The immune system’s third line of defense, involving the attack of pathogens by T cells 
Complement
Series of enzymatic proteins in the serum, that, when activated, destroy bacteria, and other cells
Cytokines
Generic term for non-antibody proteins that act as intracellular mediators, as in the generation of immune response
Cytotoxic T cells
Lymphocytes that lyse cells, infected with virus; also play a role in graft rejection
Epitope
Any component of an antigen molecule, that functions as an antigenic determinant by permitting the attachment of certain antibodies
Genetic engineering
Emerging technology design to enable replacement of missing or defective genes
Helper, T cells
Lymphocytes that attack, foreign invaders, antigens, directly
Humoral immune response
The immune system second line of defense
Immune response
The coordinated response of the components of the immune system to a foreign agent or organism
Immune system
The collection of organs, cells, tissues, and molecules that mediate the immune response
Immunity
The body specific protective response to a foreign agent organism; resistance to disease, specifically infectious diseases
Immunopathology
Study of diseases resulting in dysfunctions within the immune system
Immuno regulation
Complex system of checks and balances that regulates or controls immune responses
Immunosenscenence
The gradual deterioration of the immune system brought on by the aging process
Interferons
Proteins formed when cells are exposed to viral or foreign agents; capable of activating other components of the immune system
Lymphokines
Substances released by sensitized lymphocytes when they come in contact with specific antigens
Memory cells
Cells that are responsible for recognizing antigens from previous exposure and mounting an immune response
Natural killer cells NK
Lymphocytes to defend against microorganisms and malignant cells
Null lymphocytes
Lymphocytes that destroy antigens already coded with the antibody
Opsonization
The coating of antigen/antibody molecules with a sticky substance to facilitate phagocytosis 
Phagocytotic cells
Cells that engulf, ingest and destroy foreign bodies are toxins
Phagocytotic immune response
The immune system’s first line of defense, involving white blood cells that have the ability to ingest foreign particles
Stem cells
Precursors of all blood cells; reside, primarily in the bone marrow
Suppressor T cells
Lymphocytes that decrease B cell activity to a level at which the immune system is compatible with life
T cells
Cells that are important for producing a cellular immune response
Inflammatory response and clinical presentation
Heat
Swelling
Redness
Pain
Four stages in immune response
Recognition
Proliferation
Response
Effector
Cyclosporine
T and B cell suppressor
Suppression of rejection and variety of transplant; rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis 
Methotrexate
Immune suppressant
Stop etopic or molar pregnancy. If not too far along does sell replications blocks inflammation used also for arthritis and PSORIATIC arthritis. 
