Ch 21 Nursing management of labor and birth at risk Flashcards
Arrest disorders
Include secondary arrest of dilation, no progress and cervical dilation in over two hours, arrest of descent, fetal head does not descend more than one hour in Primaparasand more than 30 minutes in multi paras, and failure of descent, no descent
Cesarean birth
Surgical birth of the fetus through an incision in the abdomen and uterine wall
Dystocia
The abnormal progression of labor
Forceps
Stainless steel instruments, similar to tongs, with rounded edges that fit around the fetus’s head
Hypertonic uterine dysfunction
Occurs when the uterus never fully relaxes between contractions
Hypotonic uterine dysfunction
Occurs during Active labor, dilation more than 5 to 6 cm, when contractions become pouring quality and lack sufficient intensity to dilate and efface the cervix 
Labor induction
Involves the stimulation of uterine contractions by medical or surgical means before the onset of spontaneous labor
Macrosomia
In which a newborn weighs 4000 to 4500 g (8.13-9.15) are more at birth, complicates, approximately 10% of all pregnancies
Multiple gestation
Twins, triplets, or more infants within a single pregnancy
Postterm pregnancy
A gestational age of more than 42 weeks, more than 292 days, dated from the last menstrual period
Precipitate labor
Labor that is completed in less than three hours from the start of contractions to birth
Preterm labor
The occurrence of regular uterine contractions, accompanied by cervical effacement and dilation before the end of the 37th week of gestation
Protracted disorders
A series of events , including protracted, active phase, dilation, slower than normal rate of cervical dilation, and protracted descent, delayed descent of the fetal head in the active phase.
Shoulder dystocia
The obstruction of fetal descent and birth, by the axis of the fetal shoulders, after the fetal head has been delivered
Tocolytic
Drugs that promote uterine, relaxation by interfering with uterine contractions.
