Ch. 30 Plant Reproduction Flashcards
how did the algal ancestors of land plants disperse their eggs and sperm?
water currents
ex. bryophyte sperm are motile and rely on water to swim and fertilize
how are the spores (product of meiosis) in all land plants dispersed?
air and wind
what two groups of green algae are most closely related to land plants?
coleochaete and chara
what made sexual reproduction independent of water?
seeds! (gymnosperms and angiosperms)
what do all plants have in common?
- reproduce sexually
- produce a green body (N)
- disperse their offspring
zygotes and spores, unicellular or multicellular?
unicellular
gametophytes and sporophytes, unicellular or multicellular?
multicellular
how many multicellular phases do land plants have?
2
how are spores produced? (mitosis or meiosis)
meiosis
how are gametophytes produced? (mitosis or meiosis)
mitosis
how are zygotes produced?
syngamy
how are sporophytes produced?
mitosis
are sporophytes diploid or haploid?
diploid
are zygotes diploid or haploid?
diploid
are spores diploid or haploid?
haploid
are gametophytes diploid or haploid?
haploid
characteristics of gametophytes (nonvascular, bryophytes, algae)
- main plant body
- haploid (N)
- reproduces sexually by producing eggs/sperm
- when sperm and eggs fuse, it gives rise to the sporophyte generation
characteristics of sporophytes (nonvascular, bryophytes, algae)
- remains attached to gametophytes, small
- asexual
- diploid (2N)
- has a sporangium which produces spores (haploid reproductive cells)
- once spores are dispersed and germinate, produce gametophytes
are vascular plants gametophyte or sporophyte dominant?
sporophyte dominant
are non vascular plants gametophyte or sporophyte dominant?
gametophyte dominant
in all land plants, the embryo is nourished by the female gametophyte (true or false)
true
what are fruits?
swollen ovaries which contain seeds
