Ch 30 Perioperative Nursing Flashcards
Atelectasis
Incomplete expansion or collapse of a part of the lungs
Anesthetic
An agent that produces states such as loss of consciousness, analgesia, relaxation, and loss of reflexes
Deep Vein Thrombosis (dvt)
Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) In a deep vein
Elective Surgery
Is procedure that is preplanned and based on the patients choice and availability. This is non urgent procedure that does not have to be done immediately
Embolus
Blood clot, foreign body or air in the circulatory system plural form is emboli
Emergency Surgery
must be done immediately to preserve life, a body part or a body organ
Hemorrhage
Excessive blood loss due to the escape of blood from blood vessels
Hypothermia
Low body temperature
Moderation Sedation/ analgesia
Used for short-term and minimally invasive procedures
Optional Surgery
Is not critical to survival or function
Perioperative Nursing
Wide variety of nursing activities carried out before, during, and after surgery
Perioperative Period
Thread phases of Perioperative patient care including the Perioperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases
Pneumonia
Inflammation or infection of the lungs
Shock
Body’s reaction to acute peripheral circulatory failure due to an abnormality of circulatory control it to a loss of circulating fluid
Thrombophlebitis
Inflammation in a vein associated with thrombus formation
Urgent Surgery
Must be done within reasonably short time frame preserve health but it is not an emergency
Surgical Procedure
Ablative
To remove a diseased body part
Ex. Appendectomy removal of appendix
Surgical Procedure
Diagnostic
To make or confirm diagnoses
Ex. Breast Biopsy
Surgical Procedure
Palliative
To relieve or reduce intensity of an illness; is not curative
Ex debridement
Surgical Procedure
Reconstructive
To restore function to traumatized or malfunctioning tissue
To improve self-concept
Ex. Plastic surgery, skin graft
Surgical Procedure
Transplantation
To replace organs or structures that are diseased or malfunctioning
ex. Kidney, liver, heart
Surgical Procedure
Constructive
To restore function in congenital anomalies
Ex cleft palate repair
Anesthesia
Method and technique of making potentially uncomfortable interventions tolerable and safe
- general anesthesia
- regional anesthesia
- topical and local anesthesia
- moderate sedation/ Analgesia
General anesthesia
Anesthetic agent administered by inhalation or IV intravenous route to produce nervous system depression, loss of consciousness analgesia, relaxed skeletal muscles, and depressed reflexes
Regional anesthesia
Anesthetic agent is injected near a nerve or nerve pathway in or around the operative site inhibiting the transmission of sensory stimuli central nervous system receptors
Three phases of General anesthesia
Induction : begins with administration of anesthetic agent and continues until patient is ready for incision
Maintenance : continues from this point until near the completion of the procedure
Emergence : starts as the patient begins to awaken from the altered state
