ch 3 vocab Flashcards
aerobic
Occuring in the presence of oxygen.
alveolar air
The amount of gas that reaches the alveoli with each breath.
alveolar ventilation
Exchanging the gas in the alveoli with fresh air.
anaerobic
Occurring in the absence of, or without, oxygen.
anemia
A decreased number of red blood cells in the blood.
apnea
The absence of ventilation.
chemoreceptors
Peripheral and central receptors that monitor the levels of chemicals in the blood.
dead space
The amount of inhaled air that does not participate in respiration.
expiration
The process of moving air out of the lungs.
expiratory reserve volume
The amount of air that can be exhaled following normal exhalation.
Herring-Breuer reflex
The nervous system mechanism that terminates inhalation and prevents lung overexpansion.
hypercapnia
Elevated levels of carbon dioxide in the blood.
hypoxemia
A decrease in the amount of oxygen in the bloodstream.
hypoxia
Inadequate supply of oxygen to the tissues.
hypoxic drive
Condition in which patients with chronic hypercapnia increase their respiratory rate exclusively in response to decreased oxygen levels in the blood.
inspiration
The process of air moving into the lungs.
inspiratory reserve volume
The maximum amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled following a full inhalation.
mechanoreceptors
Peripheral receptors that detect stretch or pressure.
minute volume
The amount of air moved in and out of the respiratory tract per minute, which is determined by the respiratory rate.
negative pressure ventilation
The process of pulling air into the lungs by decreasing intrathoracic pressure.
oxygenation
The process of assuring an adequate supply of oxygen molecules for delivery to the body’s cells.
positive pressure ventilation
The process of pushing air into the lungs by increasing the pressure of the gas outside of the body.
residual volume
The air that remains in the lungs after a maximal respiration.
respiration
The process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide.
respiratory center
The area of the brainstem located in the pons and medulla that is responsible for involuntary control of bleeding.
respiratory rate
The number of ventilatory cycles in a unit of time, usually 1 minute, also known as the ventilation rate.
tidal volume
The volume of air, usually measured in millimeters, which is exchanged in one ventilatory cycle, also known as the ventilatory volume.
ventilation
The process of moving air into and out of the lungs.
ventilation cycle
One inspiration and one expiration.
ventilation rate
The number of ventilatory cycles in a unit of time, usually 1 minute, also known as the respiratory rate.
ventilatory depth
The volume of air, usually measured in milliliters, which is exchanged in one ventilatory cycle, also known as the tidal volume.
