CH 3 - Psychology of Exercise Flashcards
Learning Objectives
Don’t have to memorize
Upon completion of this chapter, the fitness professional will be able to:
- Describe common reasons why people avoid regular exercise.
- Evaluate various social influences on exercise adherence.
- Recommend the best forms of support to help clients adhere to exercise.
- Identify the psychological benefits of regular exercise.
Psychology
An area of science that focuses on people, and in particular, how the mind and feelings may influence behaviors.
Adherence
The level of commitment to a behavior or plan of action.i
Motivation
The intensity and direction of someone’s effort to participate in an activity or engage in a behavior.
Socioeconomic status
The social standing of a person or group that includes education, income, and occupation.
Amotivation
Describes when someone is not motivated to engage in an activity or behavior.
Extrinsic motivation
When someone participates in an activity or behavior for some type of reward or recognition from others.
Intrinsic motivation
When people engage in an activity or behavior because they feel a sense of satisfaction.
What is one of the most important things about psychology and its relationship with fitness and wellness?
The role it plays in the behavioral change process
Outcome goals
Goals focused on the end result.
Process goals
Refers to the process of goal pursuit.
Social support
The intentional ways that people assist others in achieving a specific behavior.
Social physique anxiety
A specific form of anxiety that occurs in individuals who perceive that others could be negatively evaluating their physique.
Ambivalence
Describes a person’s state of mixed feelings about a situation.
Instrumental support
The actions that directly facilitate a behavior to happen. In the context of exercise, instrumental support can include driving a person to a health club or paying for the gym membership.
Emotional support
The encouragement and positive reinforcement that is provided from an individual to another, which includes being caring, empathetic, and showing concern.
Empathy
The ability to identify with another person’s feelings, attitudes, or thoughts.
Informational support
Providing accurate, current, and informative information.
Companionship support
When someone engages in a behavior with an individual. This type of support is often observed in an exercise setting where people exercise with a friend or partner.
Empathy vs. Sympathy
Empathy and sympathy are two different concepts. Sympathy typically involves pity and feeling sorry for someone else. Conversely, empathy is a deep understanding and recognition of how someone feels. Empathy does not involve judgment.
Oftentimes, a good exercise leader will develop a following, and an ________ will form.
… exercise group will form. One aspect of an exercise group is feeling distinct from others; fitness professionals can encourage this simply by having participants wear the same color shirt or having the group come together at the end of a session for a group cheer or any other ritual that is specific to that group.
Benefits of Group Exercise
Accountability, Comparison, Competition, Comradely, Consistency, Energy, Intensity, Mindless, Motivation, Sociability.
Self-esteem
The way someone evaluates their own self-worth physically, emotionally, and socially.
Body image
The way someone views their physical self or visualizes their body.
Sleep apnea
A sleep disorder in which a person’s breathing repeatedly stops and starts, which disrupts the body’s natural sleep cycle.
