Ch. 3: Neural Basis of Behaviour

Question 1

Axon

Answer 1

conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles or glands

Question 2

Cell body

Answer 2

contains structures needed to keep cell alive

Question 3

Dendrites

Answer 3

branchlike fibers emerging from the cell body

Question 4

Glial cells

Answer 4

cells that surround neurons and hold them in place. Also protect brain from toxins

Question 5

Blood brain barrier

Answer 5

barrier that prevents harmful substances from entering the brain

Question 6

3 steps for nerve impulses

Answer 6

1) neuron has electric resting potential
2) when stimulated, ions flow inside and outside the neuron
3) neuron is at rest as the original distribution of ions is restored

Question 7

Electric resting potential

Answer 7

due to + and - ions inside and outside the neuron

Question 8

action potential

Answer 8

a suden reveral in the neuron’s membrane voltage

Question 9

depolarization

Answer 9

the shift from negative to positive voltage

Question 10

neurotransmitters

Answer 10

chemicals that carry messages across the synapse to either excite or inhibit the activity of the next cell

Question 11

describe neurotransmitter acrtivity

Answer 11

1) synthesis of neurotransmitter
2) storage in synaptic vesicles
3) release into synaptic space
4) binding to receptor sites
5) deactivation through reuptake or breakdown

Question 12

What is aceylcholine (ACh)?

Answer 12

common neurotransmitter involved in memory and muscle activity

Question 13

dopamine

Answer 13

neurotransmitter involved in voluntary movement.

Question 14

seratonin

Answer 14

neurotransmitter involved in mood, sleeping and eating

Question 15

endorphins

Answer 15

inhibits transmission of pain impulses