Ch 3 Neck Flashcards
Which two veins joing to form the external JUGULAR vein?
(dorsally) MAXILLARY vein and (ventrally) LINGUOFACIAL vein
They do this (join) just caudal to the mandibular salivary gland.
Which muscle lies between the common carotid artery and the external jugular vein?
m. sternocephalicus
The common carotid artery branches into the ___________________ and _____________ medial/lateral to the mandibular salivary gland.
external and internal carotid
MEDIAL
what is the carotid bulb?
it’s a focal dilation at the origin of the internal carotic artery
The mandibular salivary gland has a large, characteristic central ______.
hilum
Medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes are wider cranially/caudally.
cranially they are wider, caudally more fusiform.
Normal motion of the vocal folds is ab/adduction during ins/expiration - choose correct matches.
abduction during inspiration
adduction during expiration
Overall vocal fold and cartilage movement during respiration should be significant / minimal / none.
minimal
What are the main landmarks for the para/thyroid glands?
Just caudal to the larynx, they lie between the common carotid artery and the trachea.
Dorsally is the esophagus.
Ventrally is musculature: sternohyoid, sternothyroid mm.
Typically, how many parathyroid glands are there?
Total 4, 2 per side (1 internal, within the parenchyma, and 1 external, at the cranial aspect of the thyroid gland)
What are the normal dimensions of a parathyroid gland?
<2mm diameter
<3.3mm long
_______________may be mistaken for parathyroid glands (similar appearance).
In the image - look at what the arrows are pointing to
thyroid lobules, i.e. pieces of thyroid that are separated by fibrous tissue from the rest of the thyroid (but it’s still thyroid tissue, and not parathyroid)
Ultrasound waves can penetrate the tympanic bulla wall - true or false?
True - it is thin enough, and so any soft tissue or fluid in the middle ear should be visible
Which vessel can be identified caudolaterally to the tympanic bulla, at the junction with the external ear canal?
maxillary a.
The tongue is attached to which paired muscles?
Mylohyoid mm.
Geniohyoid mm.
The mylohyoid muscle originates ____ and inserts ____.
The geniohyoid muscle originates ____ and inserts ____.
medial mandible (mylohyoid), ramus (geniohyoid)
Both attach at they basihyoid bone caudally.
Which vessels are visible in this transverse orientation of the tongue?
lingual and sublinguals vv.
Which is more conspicuous - acute or chronic thrombus?
Chronic; acute thrombi may be anechoic, and so only recognised by a flow void on Doppler.
carotid-body tumours are what type of tumour?
neurocendocrine tumors
Where are carotid body tumours typically located?
at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery into internal/external carotid aa., dorsolateral to the larynx
What could carotid body tumours be confused with (due to their location close to the carotid a.)? i.e. what is a differential
ectopic thyroid mass
10y dog e.g. brachycephalic
chemodectoma, with thrombus (Doppler image)
M = mandibular salivary gland
* = ?
sialocele
Tumors of the mouth often metastasize to the __________ lnn.
mandibular
