Ch 15 Abdo Cavity (LN, vessels) Flashcards
Put these arteries/structures in order from cranial to caudal:
renal
cranial mesenteric
trifurcation
celiac
external iliac
celiac
cranial mesenteric
renal
aortic trifurcation
external iliac
Which veins converge as part of the iliac veins?
external, internal, common, and deep circumflex
Which veins join the caudal vena cava, from caudal to cranial?
iliac
renal
phrenicoabdominal
hepatic
Which arteries arise from the celiac artery?
L gastric
hepatic
splenic
This structure may be found in the mid-dorsal retroperitoneal
space in dogs and cats, partly encircling the abdominal
aorta in the area of the cranial mesenteric artery.
cisterna chyli
DDx for these appearances of peritoneal fluid
septic (A),
carcinomatosis (B)
chylous (C)
Haemorrhage (D) with blood clots
Fat nodular necrosis / Bates’ body
What is ‘omental cake’?
Infiltrated omentum or mesentery
can appear focally or diffusely thickened, sometimes described as “omental or mesenteric cakes”, or show large masses.
Which short:long axis cut-off is predictive of neoplastic infiltration? Which lymph nodes are unlikely to follow this ratio?
> 0.7
jejunal, they are inherently very long
Cystic lymph nodes are a sign of __________.
Nothing in particular, they can either become cystic during degeneration and malignancy, or just be associated with age-related lymphoid atrophy.
How can Doppler help differentiate benign from malignant LNN?
Benign - hilar vascularity
Malignant - peripheral or mixed
How do RI (resistive) and PI (pulsative) indices differ with malignant LNN compared to benign?
Higher in malignant
varies between lymph nodes
Appearance of thrombus over time
Initially poorly echogenic, more difficult to see on B-mode.
What may help: lack of Doppler flow, lack of compressibility.
Later: more echogenic, homogenous or can be heterogenous if/when clot lysis and recanalisation starts
WHat is the significance of aortic wall mineralisation in dogs?
Usually incidental, but has been reported to cause an aortiiliac thrombus.
