Ch. 3 Inflammation Flashcards
A client undergoing chemotherapy is lethargic and has a temperature of 101.1°F. Blood tests indicate leukopenia, hyperglycemia, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive proteins. Which type of inflammatory manifestations is this client experiencing?
A) Acute
B) Chronic
C) Systemic
C) Systemic
Which condition would result in local inflammation?
A) Pneumonia
B) Mild brain concussion
C) Diabetes mellitus type 2
D) Irritable bowel syndrome
B) Mild brain concussion
Which terms describe the function of mediators in the inflammatory response? Select all that apply.
A) Phagocytosis
B) Tachycardia
C) Chemotaxis
D) Leukocytosis
E) Alkalosis
F) Vasodilatation
A) Phagocytosis
C) Chemotaxis
D) Leukocytosis
F) Vasodilatation
The nurse is monitoring the newly admitted patient for signs and symptoms of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. When the patient is prescribed prophylactic anticoagulation medication, the nurse understands that platelet activation occurs due to the production of which substance?
A) Protein
B) Histamine
C) Serotonin
D) Prostaglandins
D) Prostaglandins
The inflammatory process is a nonspecific response to noxious stimuli including bacterial invasion and injury. Which are the principal cells of inflammation?
A) Neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells
B) Platelets, red blood cells, lymphocytes, and basophils
C) Mast cells, basophils, blast cells, granulocytes, and macrophages
D) Basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, platelets, and macrophages
A) Neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for the client with pneumonia and notes that the white blood cell count is continuing to rise. The nurse understands that bacterial endotoxins are triggering leukocytosis and activating which types of cells in the inflammatory process?
A) Neutrophils
B) Platelets
C) Lymphocytes
D) Macrophages
A) Neutrophils
During acute inflammation, what describes the primary vascular response that contributes to the development of cardinal signs of inflammation?
A) Increased vascular pressure
B) Release of chemical mediators
C) Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
D) Vasoconstriction and stagnation of blood flow
C) Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
T/F
A wound created by a narrow surgical incision is likely to heal by secondary intention.
False
T/F
During inflammation, blood vessels constrict to minimize tissue damage.
False
Severe upper abdominal pain radiating to the back, nausea/vomiting, and elevated levels of serum amylase and lipase are all consistent with the condition acute ___.
Pancreatitis
T/F
It is possible to contract acute sinusitis via respiratory droplets from another person.
True
Deep partial-thickness and full-thickness burns leave the body open to bacterial invasion, and ___ is the condition in which bacteria gain access to the blood, potentially causing shock.
Sepsis
Severe cases of acute gastritis can cause bleeding in the stomach that leads to ___, or vomiting blood.
Hematemesis
T/F
Regeneration is the process by which normal tissue architecture is replaced by scar tissue.
False
T/F
Fibroblasts are cells that secrete collagen to heal the connective tissue layer associated with a wound.
True
